Ogleznev K Ia, Stankevich P V
Zh Vopr Neirokhir Im N N Burdenko. 2001 Jul-Sep(3):2-5; discussion 5-6.
The paper deals with the specific features of brain injury (BI) in victims of road traffic accidents (RTA). RTA victims are most commonly pedestrians (62.6%) and less commonly drivers (17.5%). In over half the cases (62.6%), BI due to RTA is associated with extracranial lesions, leading to diagnostic problems. The pattern and site of lesions are related to the type of a transport vehicle and to the role of a victim as a traffic participant. Multiple extracranial lesions are mostly frequently encountered in victim pedestrians (30.3%), BI concurrent with chest damage is common in drivers (12.8%), BI concurrent with "whip" injury of the cervical spine is found in drivers and passengers though such combinations may also seen in pedestrians (1.5%--5 cases). The most severe form of brain compression is multifactorial compression (27.6%) and its most common form is compression with subdural hematoma (35.3%).
本文探讨道路交通事故（RTA）受害者脑损伤（BI）的具体特征。RTA受害者最常见的是行人（62.6%），较少见的是司机（17.5%）。在超过半数的病例（62.6%）中，RTA导致的BI与颅外损伤相关，这会引发诊断问题。损伤的类型和部位与运输车辆的类型以及受害者作为交通参与者所起的作用有关。多处颅外损伤最常出现在行人受害者中（30.3%），司机中BI并发胸部损伤很常见（12.8%），司机和乘客中会出现BI并发颈椎“挥鞭样”损伤，不过这种情况在行人中也可能出现（1.5%——5例）。最严重的脑受压形式是多因素压迫（27.6%），其最常见的形式是伴有硬膜下血肿的压迫（35.3%）。
