Luoma I, Tamminen T, Kaukonen P, Laippala P, Puura K, Salmelin R, Almqvist F
Department of Child Psychiatry, Tampere University Hospital and the University of Tampere, Medical School, Finland.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2001 Dec;40(12):1367-74. doi: 10.1097/00004583-200112000-00006.
To investigate whether prenatal, postnatal, and/or current maternal depressive symptoms are associated with low level of psychosocial functioning or high level of emotional/behavioral problems in school-age children.
As part of a prospective longitudinal study, maternal depressive symptoms were screened with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale prenatally, postnatally, and when the children were 8 to 9 years old. The original sample of 349 mothers was collected in 1989-1990 in Tampere, Finland. Of the 270 mother-child pairs at the latest stage of the study in 1997-1998, 188 mother-child pairs participated and 147 were included. The associations between maternal depressive symptoms at different points in time and the level of children's psychosocial functioning and problems reported on the Child Behavior Checklist and Teacher's Report Form were examined.
Children's low social competence and low adaptive functioning were associated with concurrent maternal depressive symptoms. Maternal postnatal depressive symptoms predicted low social competence. The presence of prenatal depressive symptoms in the mother was a strong predictor of child's high externalizing and total problem levels (odds ratio 3.1, 95% confidence interval 1.1-8.9 and odds ratio 8.5, 95% confidence interval 2.7-26.5). Prenatal as well as recurrent maternal depressive symptoms were associated with the least favorable child outcome.
Maternal depressive symptomatology at any time, especially prenatally, is a risk factor for the child's well-being. This should be noted already in prenatal care. The timing and the recurrence of maternal depressive symptoms affect the outcome for the child.
探讨产前、产后及/或当前母亲的抑郁症状是否与学龄儿童心理社会功能水平低或情绪/行为问题水平高相关。
作为一项前瞻性纵向研究的一部分，使用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表在产前、产后以及儿童8至9岁时对母亲的抑郁症状进行筛查。最初的349名母亲样本于1989 - 1990年在芬兰坦佩雷收集。在1997 - 1998年研究的最后阶段的270对母婴中，188对母婴参与了研究，其中147对被纳入。研究了不同时间点母亲的抑郁症状与儿童行为清单和教师报告表中报告的儿童心理社会功能水平及问题之间的关联。
儿童社会能力低和适应功能低与母亲当前的抑郁症状相关。母亲产后抑郁症状预示着社会能力低。母亲产前存在抑郁症状是儿童外化问题和总问题水平高的有力预测因素（优势比3.1，95%置信区间1.1 - 8.9；优势比8.5，95%置信区间2.7 - 26.5）。产前以及母亲反复出现的抑郁症状与最不利的儿童结局相关。
母亲在任何时候的抑郁症状，尤其是产前，都是儿童幸福的一个危险因素。这在产前护理中就应予以关注。母亲抑郁症状出现的时间和反复情况会影响儿童的结局。
