共轭亚油酸对遗传瘦肉型猪腹部紧实度和脂肪酸组成的影响。

Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on the belly firmness and fatty acid composition of genetically lean pigs.

作者信息

Eggert J M, Belury M A, Kempa-Steczko A, Mills S E, Schinckel A P

机构信息

Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.

出版信息

J Anim Sci. 2001 Nov;79(11):2866-72. doi: 10.2527/2001.79112866x.

DOI:10.2527/2001.79112866x

PMID:11768116

Abstract

A study of the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on the belly firmness and fatty acid composition of genetically lean pigs was conducted. From 75 to 120 kg live weight, 30 gilts were allowed ad libitum access to a corn-soybean meal diet supplemented with either 1% CLA oil (CLA-60) or 1% sunflower oil (SFO) or were fed the sunflower oil-supplemented diet restricted to the amount consumed by pigs fed the CLA-60 diet (RSFO). Conjugated linoleic acid oil consists of 60% positional and geometric isomers of CLA. Pigs fed SFO exhibited higher average daily gains (0.98 vs 0.80 kg/d, P < 0.01) than RSFO-fed pigs, but there were no effects of dietary treatment on feed intake or feed efficiency. Dietary treatment did not affect (P > 0.05) backfat thickness or longissimus muscle area. Bellies of gilts fed CLA-60 were subjectively evaluated to be firmer (2.91 vs 2.43 or 2.07 +/- 0.13, P < 0.01) than those of SFO- or RSFO-fed gilts, respectively. The longissimus muscle of gilts fed CLA-60 contained more saturated fatty acids (39.77 vs. 36.04 or 36.73 +/- 0.74%, P < 0.001) and less unsaturated fatty acids (60.23 vs 63.96 or 63.27 +/- 0.74%, P < 0.001) than that of gilts fed SFO or RSFO, respectively. The belly fat of gilts fed CLA-60 contained more saturated fatty acids (44.45 vs. 37.50 or 36.60 +/- 0.46%, P < 0.001) and less unsaturated fatty acids (54.78 vs. 61.75 or 62.47 +/- 0.46%, P < 0.001), resulting in lower iodine values (57.69 vs 66.37 or 65.62 +/- 0.91, P < 0.001) than that of gilts fed SFO or RSFO, respectively. Gilts fed CLA-60 accumulated more CLA in the longissimus muscle (0.55 vs 0.09 or 0.09 +/- 0.03%, P < 0.01) and belly fat (1.56 vs. 0.13 or 0.13 +/- 0.15%, P < 0.001) than did gilts fed SFO or RSFO, respectively. Dietary treatment did not affect (P > 0.05) 24-h pH, drip loss or subjective quality evaluations of the longissimus muscle. The effect of supplemental CLA to improve belly firmness is of practical significance and may provide a nutritional solution to carcass fat and belly firmness problems, thereby enhancing the overall value of extremely lean carcasses.

摘要

本研究探讨了共轭亚油酸（CLA）对遗传上较瘦的猪腹部紧实度和脂肪酸组成的影响。从75至120千克活重阶段，30头后备母猪被给予自由采食补充了1%CLA油（CLA - 60）或1%向日葵油（SFO）的玉米 - 豆粕型日粮，或者给予限量采食向日葵油补充日粮（RSFO），其限量标准为采食CLA - 60日粮的猪的采食量。共轭亚油酸油由60%的CLA位置和几何异构体组成。采食SFO的猪比采食RSFO的猪表现出更高（0.98对0.80千克/天，P < 0.01）的平均日增重，但日粮处理对采食量或饲料效率没有影响。日粮处理对背膘厚度或腰大肌面积没有影响（P > 0.05）。主观评估显示，采食CLA - 60的后备母猪腹部比采食SFO或RSFO的后备母猪更紧实（2.91对2.43或2.07±0.13，P < 0.01）。采食CLA - 60的后备母猪腰大肌比采食SFO或RSFO的后备母猪含有更多的饱和脂肪酸（39.77对36.04或36.73±0.74%，P < 0.001）和更少的不饱和脂肪酸（60.23对63.96或63.27±0.74%，P < 0.001）。采食CLA - 60的后备母猪腹部脂肪比采食SFO或RSFO的后备母猪含有更多的饱和脂肪酸（44.45对37.50或36.60±0.46%，P < 0.001）和更少的不饱和脂肪酸（54.78对61.75或62.47±o.46%，P < 0.001），导致碘值更低（57.69对66.37或65.62±0.91，P < 0.001）。采食CLA - 60的后备母猪腰大肌（0.55对0.09或0.09±0.03%，P < 0.01）和腹部脂肪（1.56对0.13或0.13±0.15%，P < 0.001）中积累的CLA比采食SFO或RSFO的后备母猪更多。日粮处理对腰大肌的24小时pH值、滴水损失或主观品质评估没有影响（P > 0.05）。补充CLA改善腹部紧实度的效果具有实际意义，可能为胴体脂肪和腹部紧实度问题提供一种营养解决方案，从而提高极瘦胴体的整体价值。