Defila C, Clot B
MeteoSchweiz, Zürich, Switzerland.
Int J Biometeorol. 2001 Nov;45(4):203-7. doi: 10.1007/s004840100101.
Nation-wide phenological observations have been made in Switzerland since 1951. In addition to these observation programmes, there are two very long phenological series in Switzerland: leaf bud burst of horse-chestnut trees has been observed in Geneva since 1808 and full flowering of cherry trees in Liestal since 1894. In addition to the presentation of these two long phenological series, trends for 896 phenological time series have been calculated with national data from 1951 to 1998. The earlier bud burst of horse-chestnut trees in Geneva can be attributed mainly to the city effect (warmth island). This phenomenon was not observed with the cherry tree flowering in Liestal. A clear trend towards earlier appearance dates in spring and a weak tendency towards later appearance dates in autumn could be shown with data from the national observation network. It must be noted that different phenophases and plant species react differently to various environmental influences.
自1951年以来，瑞士开展了全国范围的物候观测。除了这些观测项目外，瑞士还有两个非常长的物候序列：自1808年起在日内瓦观测七叶树的叶芽萌发，自1894年起在利斯塔尔观测樱桃树的盛花期。除了展示这两个长物候序列外，还利用1951年至1998年的全国数据计算了896个物候时间序列的趋势。日内瓦七叶树叶芽萌发提前主要可归因于城市效应（热岛效应）。在利斯塔尔的樱桃树开花情况中未观察到这种现象。利用国家观测网络的数据可以看出，春季出现日期有明显提前的趋势，秋季出现日期有微弱推迟的趋势。必须指出的是，不同的物候阶段和植物物种对各种环境影响的反应不同。
