Kassanis B, White R F, Woods R D
J Gen Virol. 1975 Aug;28(2):185-91. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-28-2-185.
At concentrations that inhibit bacterial growth, some antibiotics including gentamicin completely inhibited virus multiplication in protoplasts, and other antibiotics partially inhibited virus multiplication. The inhibition caused by each antibiotic was largely prevented by adding a divalent metal; MnC1(2) was more effective than CaC1(2) and other salts of divalent metals when added at 10 mM to the incubation medium. When added immediately after infection, 1 mug/ml of gentamicin halved the final virus concentration and 3 mug/ml completely inhibited virus multiplication, although 10 mug/ml was required to stop bacterial growth. Gentamicin inhibited virus multiplication even when added 24 h after virus inoculation. Also, when protoplasts were exposed to gentamicin for only 1 or 2 h, either immediately after inoculation or 2 h later, the virus concentration was considerably decreased. Gentamicin seemed not to affect virus multiplication in whole plants. Sap from Dianthus barbatus also strongly inhibited virus multiplication in protoplasts but, unlike gentamicin, it acted in the presence of MnC1(2). By contrast, chelating agents such as 1 mM-EDTA or 5 mM-potassium citrate was strong inhibitors of virus multiplication that were inactive in the presence of MnC1(2). It is suggested that gentamicin and other antibiotics may chelate metals from the protoplast membranes, thus disorganizing their function and affecting virus multiplication.
在抑制细菌生长的浓度下，包括庆大霉素在内的一些抗生素能完全抑制原生质体中的病毒增殖，而其他抗生素则部分抑制病毒增殖。每种抗生素引起的抑制作用在很大程度上可通过添加二价金属来防止；当在孵育培养基中添加10 mM的MnC1₂时，其比CaC1₂和其他二价金属盐更有效。感染后立即添加时，1 μg/ml的庆大霉素可使最终病毒浓度减半，3 μg/ml可完全抑制病毒增殖，尽管需要10 μg/ml才能抑制细菌生长。即使在病毒接种24小时后添加庆大霉素，其仍能抑制病毒增殖。此外，当原生质体仅在接种后立即或2小时后暴露于庆大霉素1或2小时，病毒浓度会显著降低。庆大霉素似乎不影响整株植物中的病毒增殖。石竹的汁液也能强烈抑制原生质体中的病毒增殖，但与庆大霉素不同的是，它在MnC1₂存在的情况下起作用。相比之下，螯合剂如1 mM - EDTA或5 mM - 柠檬酸钾是病毒增殖的强抑制剂，在MnC1₂存在时无活性。有人认为庆大霉素和其他抗生素可能会从原生质体膜中螯合金属，从而破坏其功能并影响病毒增殖。
