Jones M V, Bray S R, Bolton L
Sport Health & Exercise, School of Health, Staffordshire University, Stoke-on-Trent, UK.
Percept Mot Skills. 2001 Oct;93(2):359-62. doi: 10.2466/pms.2001.93.2.359.
One potential contributing factor to the commonly observed home advantage in competitive sport is that officials may be biased in favour of the home team as a result of pressure from spectators. The present study examined officiating behaviour and home advantage, defined as home teams winning over 50% of decided games in English Club Cricket, a sport virtually devoid of spectator influence. Records of game outcomes, as well as dismissals requiring a decision by the umpire, were analysed. The relative frequency of umpiring decisions did not favour either home or away teams. However, a home advantage was found, with the home teams winning 57.1% of decided games (n = 1.449). Considered together, the results suggest that in sports with little or no spectator influence teams may win more often at home for reasons other than biased umpiring decisions, such as familiarity with their home ground or a visiting team's fatigue following travel.
在竞技体育中普遍存在的主场优势，一个潜在的促成因素是，由于来自观众的压力，官员们可能会偏袒主队。本研究考察了裁判行为和主场优势，主场优势定义为在英国俱乐部板球比赛中，主队赢得超过50%的已决比赛，而这项运动几乎没有观众影响。分析了比赛结果记录以及需要裁判做出裁决的判罚记录。裁判判罚的相对频率对主队或客队都没有偏袒。然而，发现了主场优势，主队赢得了57.1%的已决比赛（n = 1,449）。综合来看，结果表明，在几乎没有观众影响的体育项目中，球队可能因裁判判罚无偏袒之外的其他原因而更常在主场获胜，比如熟悉主场场地或客队旅途疲劳。
