Breathnach C C, Yeargan M R, Sheoran A S, Allen G P
M. H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40546-0099, USA.
Equine Vet J. 2001 Nov;33(7):651-7. doi: 10.2746/042516401776249318.
Equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) remains a frequent cause of upper respiratory tract infection and abortion in horses worldwide. However, little is known about the local antibody response elicited in the upper airways of horses following exposure to EHV-1. This study analysed the mucosal humoral immune response of weanling foals following experimental infection with virulent EHV-1, or vaccination with either of 2 commercial vaccines. Twenty weanlings were assigned to 5 groups and were inoculated with, or vaccinated against, EHV-1 following different regimens. Finally, all weanlings were simultaneously challenged intranasally with virulent EHV-1 Army 183 (A183). Nasal wash and serum samples were collected at regular intervals until 13 weeks after final challenge. Nasal washes were assayed for EHV-1-specific equine IgGa, IgGb, IgG(T), IgA, IgM and total virus-specific antibody using an indirect, quantitative ELISA. Total serum antibody responses were also monitored, and clinical signs of EHV-disease were recorded for each individual. Virus-specific IgA dominated the mucosal antibody response elicited in weanlings inoculated with A183, being detectable at up to 3.1 microg/mg total IgA 13 weeks after challenge. Neither inactivated EHV-1 administered i.m., nor attenuated EHV-1 administered intranasally induced detectable mucosal antibodies. EHV-1-specific mucosal antibodies impeded EHV-1 plaque formation in vitro. Such virus-neutralising antibody probably contributes to a reduction of shedding of EHV-1 from the respiratory tract of virus-infected horses.
马疱疹病毒1型（EHV-1）仍然是全球范围内马匹上呼吸道感染和流产的常见病因。然而，对于马匹暴露于EHV-1后在上呼吸道引发的局部抗体反应知之甚少。本研究分析了断奶幼驹在实验性感染强毒EHV-1或接种两种商业疫苗之一后的黏膜体液免疫反应。将20只断奶幼驹分为5组，按照不同方案接种或接种疫苗对抗EHV-1。最后，所有断奶幼驹同时经鼻内接种强毒EHV-1陆军183株（A183）。定期采集鼻洗液和血清样本，直至末次攻毒后13周。使用间接定量ELISA检测鼻洗液中EHV-1特异性马IgGa、IgGb、IgG(T)、IgA、IgM和总病毒特异性抗体。还监测了血清总抗体反应，并记录了每只动物的EHV疾病临床症状。病毒特异性IgA在接种A183的断奶幼驹引发的黏膜抗体反应中占主导地位，在攻毒后13周时，总IgA中可检测到的含量高达3.1μg/mg。肌肉注射的灭活EHV-1和鼻内接种的减毒EHV-1均未诱导可检测到的黏膜抗体。EHV-1特异性黏膜抗体在体外可阻止EHV-1空斑形成。这种病毒中和抗体可能有助于减少病毒感染马匹呼吸道中EHV-1的脱落。
