Kaskarelis I S, Papadaki M G, Malliaraki N E, Robotis E D, Malagari K S, Piperopoulos P N
Department of Radiology, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2001 Jul-Aug;24(4):224-8. doi: 10.1007/s00270-001-0004-z.
The aim of the present study was to record and identify the frequency of complications following percutaneous nephrostomy, replacement of nephrostomy drains and percutaneous insertion of ureteral endoprostheses.
During a 10-year period 341 patients were referred to our department with indications for percutaneous nephrostomy and/or percutaneous insertion of a ureteral endoprosthesis, and a total of 1036 interventional procedures were performed (nephrostomy, catheter change, stenting).
There were three major complications (0.29%): two patients died during the first 30 days after the procedure, due to aggravation of their condition caused by the procedure, and one patient had retroperitoneal bleeding requiring surgery. There were 76 complications of intermediate severity (7.33%): catheter or stent displacement (n = 37, 3.57%) catheter occlusion (n = 18, 1.73%), hematuria (n = 12, 1.16%), and urinary tract infection (n = 9, 0.87%). The 55 minor complications (5.3%) comprised inflammation of the skin at the site of insertion of the percutaneous catheter.
The small number of complications observed during acts of interventional uroradiology prove transcutaneous manipulations to be safe medical procedures.
本研究的目的是记录并确定经皮肾造瘘术、更换肾造瘘引流管以及经皮插入输尿管内支架术后并发症的发生率，并对其进行识别。
在10年期间，341例患者因需要进行经皮肾造瘘术和/或经皮插入输尿管内支架而被转诊至我科，共进行了1036例介入操作（肾造瘘术、更换导管、置入支架）。
发生了3例严重并发症（0.29%）：2例患者在术后30天内死亡，原因是手术导致病情加重；1例患者发生腹膜后出血，需要进行手术。发生了76例中度并发症（7.33%）：导管或支架移位（n = 37，3.57%）、导管堵塞（n = 18，1.73%）、血尿（n = 12，1.16%）以及尿路感染（n = 9，0.87%）。55例轻微并发症（5.3%）包括经皮导管插入部位的皮肤炎症。
介入性泌尿放射学操作中观察到的并发症数量较少，证明经皮操作是安全的医疗程序。
