Osweiler G D
Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA.
Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract. 2001 Dec;17(3):547-66, viii. doi: 10.1016/s0749-0739(17)30051-2.
Horses consume feed grains and forages that can produce a range of mycotoxins resulting from mold invasion. Toxicosis of horses often occurs from fumonisins or aflatoxin in grains, from the tremorgenic mycotoxins in dallis grass, or from slaframine in red clover. Fumonisin toxicosis often is severe and fatal, and aflatoxin can be acute or chronic and debilitating. Other mycotoxins reported in horses may cause moderate to mild signs that regress when the contaminated feedstuff is removed. Overall, horses appear to have a relatively low prevalence of reported mycotoxicoses among domestic animals, but they are extremely sensitive to the fumonisins. Since there are no good therapies for mycotoxin poisoning, attention to providing high quality grains and forages to prevent mycotoxicoses is the most effective means for reducing the risk of mycotoxins in horses.
马食用的饲料谷物和草料可能会因霉菌入侵而产生一系列霉菌毒素。马的中毒症通常由谷物中的伏马毒素或黄曲霉毒素、柳枝稷中的震颤性霉菌毒素或红三叶草中的疯草毒素引起。伏马毒素中毒症往往严重且致命，黄曲霉毒素中毒可能是急性或慢性的，会使人虚弱。报告的马体内的其他霉菌毒素可能会引起中度至轻度症状，去除受污染的饲料后症状会消退。总体而言，在家畜中，报告的马霉菌毒素中毒症患病率相对较低，但它们对伏马毒素极为敏感。由于对于霉菌毒素中毒没有有效的治疗方法，注意提供高质量的谷物和草料以预防霉菌毒素中毒症是降低马体内霉菌毒素风险的最有效方法。
