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一种商业霉菌毒素吸附剂对减轻成年水貂中赭曲霉毒素A、伏马菌素B1、串珠镰刀菌素和玉米赤霉烯酮影响的效果

Efficacy of a commercial mycotoxin binder in alleviating effects of ochratoxin A, fumonisin B1, moniliformin and zearalenone in adult mink.

作者信息

Bursian S J, Mitchell R R, Yamini B, Fitzgerald S D, Murphy P A, Fernandez G, Rottinghaus G E, Moran L, Leefers K, Choi I

机构信息

Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

出版信息

Vet Hum Toxicol. 2004 Jun;46(3):122-9.

Abstract

The addition of nutritionally inert adsorbents to mycotoxin-contaminated animal feed has been a popular approach to decreasing toxicity in animals and carryover of mycotoxins from contaminated feed to animal by-products. Some studies suggest that esterified glucomannan derived from the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is effective in reducing the bioavailability of at least some of the mycotoxins occurring in contaminated feed. Because cereal grains are important components of ranch mink diets, mycotoxicoses in mink is a potential problem faced by mink ranchers. We conducted a series of studies to determine if inclusion of a commercially available esterified glucomannan in ranch mink feed was effective in alleviating clinical signs indicative of exposure to ochratoxin A, fumonisin B1, moniliformin or zearalenone in adult mink. In 4 separate trials, mink were fed diets that contained 2.5, 5 or 10 mg ochratoxin A/kg feed, 200 mg fumonisin B1/kg feed, 20 mg moniliformin/kg feed, or 30 mg zearalenone/kg feed with or without 2 g esterified glucomannan/kg feed. Male mink fed diets containing ochratoxin A had significantly decreased feed intake as well as renal lesions characteristic of exposure to that mycotoxin. Inclusion of the esterified glucomannan did not ameliorate these effects. Male mink exposed to fumonisin B1 had increased urinary sphinganine concentration, which was not significantly reduced by the mycotoxin adsorbent. Male mink that consumed monilformin-contaminated diets had characteristic ultrastructural changes in the heart that were not reduced in severity by the esterified glucomannan. Female mink exposed to zearalenone had increased uterine weight, which was not reversed by inclusion of commercial mycotoxin binder in the contaminated feed. The results of this study suggest that a commercial esterified glucomannan was generally ineffective in alleviating effects indicative of exposure to ochratoxin A, fumonisin B1, monilformin and zearalenone in mink.

摘要

在受霉菌毒素污染的动物饲料中添加无营养活性的吸附剂,一直是降低动物中毒性以及减少霉菌毒素从受污染饲料转移至动物副产品的常用方法。一些研究表明,源自酿酒酵母细胞壁的酯化葡甘露聚糖能有效降低受污染饲料中至少某些霉菌毒素的生物利用率。由于谷物是养殖水貂日粮的重要组成部分,水貂霉菌毒素中毒是水貂养殖者面临的一个潜在问题。我们开展了一系列研究,以确定在养殖水貂饲料中添加市售酯化葡甘露聚糖是否能有效缓解成年水貂接触赭曲霉毒素A、伏马毒素B1、串珠镰刀菌素或玉米赤霉烯酮后的临床症状。在4项独立试验中,给水貂饲喂含有2.5、5或10毫克赭曲霉毒素A/千克饲料、200毫克伏马毒素B1/千克饲料、20毫克串珠镰刀菌素/千克饲料或30毫克玉米赤霉烯酮/千克饲料的日粮,添加或不添加2克酯化葡甘露聚糖/千克饲料。饲喂含赭曲霉毒素A日粮的雄性水貂采食量显著下降,且出现了接触该霉菌毒素后的典型肾脏病变。添加酯化葡甘露聚糖并未改善这些影响。接触伏马毒素B1的雄性水貂尿鞘氨醇浓度升高,霉菌毒素吸附剂并未使其显著降低。食用受串珠镰刀菌素污染日粮的雄性水貂心脏出现了典型的超微结构变化,酯化葡甘露聚糖并未减轻其严重程度。接触玉米赤霉烯酮的雌性水貂子宫重量增加,在受污染饲料中添加市售霉菌毒素粘结剂并未使其恢复正常。本研究结果表明,市售酯化葡甘露聚糖通常无法有效缓解水貂接触赭曲霉毒素A、伏马毒素B1、串珠镰刀菌素和玉米赤霉烯酮后的影响。

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