Oleson Christina V, Busconi Brian D, Baran Daniel T
Department of Orthopedics and Physical Rehabilitation, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2002 Jan;83(1):122-8. doi: 10.1053/apmr.2002.26246.
To compare the bone mineral density (BMD) of competitive female teenage figure skaters with a history of fracture with the BMD of skaters without fracture and to compare each group to age-matched, nonathletic controls.
Retrospective age-matched cohort.
Tertiary care medical center and 3 local skating clubs.
Thirty-six adolescent female competitive skaters (10 with fracture, 26 without fracture) to 22 age-matched controls.
Not applicable.
BMD was estimated by quantitative ultrasound.
Skaters who had suffered stress fractures had BMD values comparable with those of healthy nonathletic controls. However, skaters who had not suffered stress fractures had calcaneal BMD values 15% to 24% greater than either the controls or skaters with fractures. Among the skaters without fracture, there was a 14% to 19% higher calcaneal BMD in skaters who executed triple jumps relative to skaters who performed only double jumps. Furthermore, there was 7% to 11% greater BMD in the landing foot of the skaters relative to the takeoff foot.
Stress fractures in adolescent skaters are not caused by low bone mass but may result from excessive forces placed on a normal skeleton. Our findings also support the hypothesis that higher peak forces are applied to the landing foot relative to the takeoff foot.
比较有骨折史的青少年女子花样滑冰运动员与无骨折史的花样滑冰运动员的骨密度（BMD），并将每组与年龄匹配的非运动员对照组进行比较。
回顾性年龄匹配队列研究。
三级医疗中心和3个当地滑冰俱乐部。
36名青少年女子花样滑冰运动员（10名有骨折史，26名无骨折史）和22名年龄匹配的对照组。
不适用。
通过定量超声估计骨密度。
曾发生应力性骨折的花样滑冰运动员的骨密度值与健康非运动员对照组相当。然而，未发生应力性骨折的花样滑冰运动员的跟骨骨密度值比对照组或有骨折的花样滑冰运动员高15%至24%。在无骨折的花样滑冰运动员中，完成三周跳的运动员的跟骨骨密度比仅完成两周跳的运动员高14%至19%。此外，花样滑冰运动员落地脚的骨密度比起跳脚高7%至11%。
青少年花样滑冰运动员的应力性骨折不是由低骨量引起的，而是可能由施加在正常骨骼上的过度力量导致。我们的研究结果也支持这样的假设，即相对于起跳脚，落地脚承受的峰值力更高。
