Faerk J, Skafte L, Petersen S, Peitersen B, Michaelsen K F
University Clinic of Pediatrics, Hvidovre Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2001;501:409-13. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4615-1371-1_51.
Premature infants require large amounts of protein and energy to achieve normal growth. Feeding with human milk alone is therefore only regarded acceptable if the protein and energy content is adequate.
476 milk samples from 101 mothers delivering before the 32nd gestational week (mean gestational age, 28 weeks) were obtained on a weekly basis until 36 weeks of gestational age and analyzed for true protein, total carbohydrate, and fat content by infrared analysis. Fat measurements were validated with the Folch method. Milk was collected by complete expression with an electric pump into 24-hour pools.
The protein concentration decreased significantly with time (P = 0.00001). The carbohydrate, fat, and energy concentration was significantly lower in the first 2 weeks after delivery, after which they increased to a constant level. The macronutrient level in milk was not associated with gestational age (P = 0.3). The energy content of these milk samples was high, and feeding 200 mL/kg would provide sufficient energy until 36 weeks of gestational age for all infants, and 65% of the infants would receive > or =3g total protein/kg/day.
早产儿需要大量蛋白质和能量以实现正常生长。因此，只有当蛋白质和能量含量充足时，仅以母乳喂养才被认为是可接受的。
从101名在孕32周前分娩（平均孕周28周）的母亲处每周采集476份乳汁样本，直至孕36周，并通过红外分析测定真蛋白、总碳水化合物和脂肪含量。脂肪测量采用Folch法进行验证。乳汁通过电动吸奶器完全吸出后收集到24小时的样本池中。
蛋白质浓度随时间显著降低（P = 0.00001）。碳水化合物、脂肪和能量浓度在分娩后的前2周显著较低，之后升至恒定水平。乳汁中的常量营养素水平与孕周无关（P = 0.3）。这些乳汁样本的能量含量较高，喂养200 mL/kg可在孕36周前为所有婴儿提供足够的能量，且65%的婴儿将摄入≥3g总蛋白/kg/天。
Zotero 插件