Ossiander Eric M, Cummings Peter
Washington State Department of Health, Olympia 98504-7812, USA.
Accid Anal Prev. 2002 Jan;34(1):13-8. doi: 10.1016/s0001-4575(00)00098-1.
In 1987 individual states in the USA were allowed to raise speed limits on rural freeways from 55 to 65 mph. Analyses of the impact of the increased speed limits on highway safety have produced conflicting results.
To determine if the 1987 speed limit increase on Washington State's rural freeways affected the incidence of fatal crashes or all crashes on rural freeways, or affected average vehicle speeds or speed variance.
An ecological study of crashes and vehicle speeds on Washington State freeways from 1974 through 1994.
The incidence of fatal crashes more than doubled after 1987, compared with what would have been expected if there had been no speed limit increase, rate ratio 2.1 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.6-2.7). This resulted in an excess of 26.4 deaths per year on rural freeways in Washington State. The total crash rate did not change substantially, rate ratio 1.1 (95% CI, 1.0-1.3). Average vehicle speed increased by 5.5 mph. Speed variance was not affected by the speed limit increase.
The speed limit increase was associated with a higher fatal crash rate and more deaths on freeways in Washington State.
1987年，美国各州允许将农村高速公路的限速从每小时55英里提高到65英里。关于提高限速对公路安全影响的分析得出了相互矛盾的结果。
确定1987年华盛顿州农村高速公路限速提高是否影响农村高速公路上致命撞车事故或所有撞车事故的发生率，或影响平均车速或速度差异。
对1974年至1994年华盛顿州高速公路上的撞车事故和车速进行的一项生态学研究。
1987年后，致命撞车事故的发生率比如果没有提高限速时预期的发生率增加了一倍多，率比为2.1（95%置信区间（CI），1.6 - 2.7）。这导致华盛顿州农村高速公路每年多26.4人死亡。总撞车率没有实质性变化，率比为1.1（95%CI，1.0 - 1.3）。平均车速提高了5.5英里/小时。速度差异不受限速提高的影响。
限速提高与华盛顿州高速公路上更高的致命撞车率和更多死亡人数相关。
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