以色列也门老年移民中的民间、传统和常规医学。

Nakar S, Vinker S, Kitai E, Wertman E, Weingarten M

Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.

Isr Med Assoc J. 2001 Dec;3(12):928-31.

BACKGROUND

Migration leads to changes in almost all areas of life including health. But how far are health beliefs also preserved, and how far are they affected by the process of acculturation to the host society?

OBJECTIVES

To examine the difference between behavior and attitudes towards conventional and traditional medicine among elderly Yemenite immigrants.

METHODS

A community-based study was conducted in the Yemenite neighborhoods in the city of Rehovot. All inhabitants of Yemenite origin over the age of 70 were identified from the population register, excluding those who were institutionalized or demented. Social work students interviewed them at home. The questionnaire inquired after health problems in the preceding month. For each of these problems, the respondent was asked whether any mode of treatment had been employed--Yemenite folk remedies, conventional medical care, or other. Their attitudes towards Yemenite folk medicine and conventional medicine were recorded. Socioeconomic data included their current age, age at immigration, year of immigration, marital status, gender, religiosity, and education.

RESULTS

A total of 326 elderly people were identified who fulfilled the selection criteria, of whom 304 (93%) agreed to be interviewed. Of these, 276 (91%) reported at least one health problem in the preceding month, providing 515 problems of which 349 (68%) were reported to a conventional medical doctor while 144 (28%) were treated by popular folk remedies. Fifty-nine problems (11.5%) were treated by specifically Yemenite traditional remedies, mostly by the respondents themselves (38/59) rather than by a traditional healer. Immigrants who arrived in Israel over the age of 30 years, as compared to respondents who immigrated at an earlier age and grew up in Israel, were more likely to use traditional Yemenite remedies (24.4% vs. 8.2%, P < 0.005).

CONCLUSION

Aged Yemenite Jews in Israel prefer modern medicine. The earlier the immigrant arrived in Israel, the more positive the attitude towards modern medicine and the less use made of traditional Yemenite healing.

背景

移民几乎会导致生活各个领域发生变化，包括健康方面。但健康观念在多大程度上得以保留，又在多大程度上受到融入东道国社会这一文化适应过程的影响呢？

目的

研究也门老年移民对传统医学和常规医学的行为与态度差异。

方法

在雷霍沃特市的也门社区开展了一项基于社区的研究。从人口登记册中识别出所有70岁以上的也门裔居民，排除那些住在福利院或患有痴呆症的人。社会工作专业的学生到他们家中进行访谈。问卷询问了前一个月的健康问题。对于每个问题，询问受访者是否采用了任何治疗方式——也门民间疗法、常规医疗护理或其他。记录他们对也门民间医学和常规医学的态度。社会经济数据包括他们的当前年龄、移民时的年龄、移民年份、婚姻状况、性别、宗教信仰和教育程度。

结果

共识别出326名符合选择标准的老年人，其中304人（93%）同意接受访谈。在这些人中，276人（91%）报告在前一个月至少有一个健康问题，共提供了515个问题，其中349个（68%）报告给了常规医生，144个（28%）采用了民间疗法治疗。59个问题（11.5%）采用了专门的也门传统疗法治疗，大多是受访者自己进行治疗（38/59），而非由传统治疗师治疗。与早年移民并在以色列长大的受访者相比，30岁以上抵达以色列的移民更有可能使用也门传统疗法（24.4%对8.2%，P<0.005）。