Menssen H D, Melber K, Brandt N, Thiel E
Department of Internal Medicine III Haematology, Oncology and Transfusion Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany.
Clin Chem Lab Med. 2001 Dec;39(12):1267-77. doi: 10.1515/CCLM.2001.204.
Undesirable interactions between anticoagulants and diagnostic test kit procedures so far have prevented the development of a single uniform blood sampling tube. Contrary to K2-EDTA, heparin and other anticoagulants, hirudin only minimally alters blood cells and dissolved blood constituents, thus qualifying as a universal anticoagulant for diagnostic purposes. Automated complete blood counts, automated analyses of clinical chemistry analytes and immunohaematology were performed from hirudinised and routinely processed blood obtained from healthy volunteers (n=35) and hospitalised patients (n=45). Hirudin (400 ATU/ml blood) sufficiently anticoagulated blood for diagnostic purposes. The measurements of automated complete blood counts obtained from K2-EDTA-anticoagulated and hirudinised blood correlated significantly as did the measurements of 24 clinical chemistry analytes from hirudinised plasma and serum. Regression analysis revealed that the results of complete blood counts and clinical chemistry tests were predictable from the respective measurements from hirudinised blood (p=0.001). Immunohaematological tests and cross-matching from hirudinised and native blood of the same donors gave identical results. Single clotting factors, but not global coagulation analytes, could be measured from hirudinised blood. Therefore, a universal hirudin-containing blood sampling tube could be designed for automated analysis of haematological, serological and clinical chemistry analytes.
到目前为止，抗凝剂与诊断试剂盒程序之间不良的相互作用阻碍了单一统一采血管的开发。与K2-乙二胺四乙酸（K2-EDTA）、肝素及其他抗凝剂不同，水蛭素对血细胞和溶解的血液成分影响极小，因此可作为诊断用途的通用抗凝剂。对从健康志愿者（n = 35）和住院患者（n = 45）采集的经水蛭素处理和常规处理的血液进行了自动全血细胞计数、临床化学分析物自动分析和免疫血液学检测。水蛭素（每毫升血液400抗凝血酶单位）足以用于血液的诊断性抗凝。从K2-EDTA抗凝血液和经水蛭素处理的血液中获得的自动全血细胞计数测量结果显著相关，经水蛭素处理的血浆和血清中的24种临床化学分析物的测量结果也显著相关。回归分析显示，全血细胞计数和临床化学检测结果可根据经水蛭素处理的血液的相应测量结果预测（p = 0.001）。来自相同供体的经水蛭素处理的血液和未处理血液的免疫血液学检测和交叉配血结果相同。可以从经水蛭素处理的血液中检测单一凝血因子，但不能检测整体凝血分析物。因此，可以设计一种含通用水蛭素的采血管，用于血液学、血清学和临床化学分析物的自动分析。
