Gortzak-Uzan L, Hallak M, Press F, Katz M, Shoham-Vardi I
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
J Matern Fetal Med. 2001 Dec;10(6):393-7. doi: 10.1080/714904371.
To assess the perinatal outcome of teenage pregnancy in a large cohort and to determine risk factors for low birth weight (LBW) in teenage pregnancy.
All singleton first deliveries to mothers of age 16-24 years between 1990 and 1997 were included. The deliveries were subdivided into three maternal age groups (16-17 and 18-19 compared to 20-24 years) and parameters of perinatal outcomes were compared. To adjust for potential confounding effects on the association between young maternal age and birth weight, logistic regression analysis was performed for LBW with maternal ethnicity, pregnancy-induced hypertension, lack of prenatal care and malformations of the newborn.
Among a total of 11 496 patients, 600 (5.2%) were 16-17 years old, 2097 (18.2%) were 18-19 years old and the remaining 8799 (76.6%) were 20-24 years old. Bedouin ethnicity and lack of prenatal care were common in the youngest mothers. Rates of preterm delivery were 14.2%, 9.8% and 8.8% in the three age groups, respectively (p < 0.05). Rates of malformations, small for gestational age, LBW and very LBW were also significantly higher in the youngest mothers. Rates of pregnancy-induced hypertension, operative delivery and Cesarean delivery were not significantly different among the three age groups. A multivariate analysis on LBW was performed to assess the unique contribution of young maternal age, adjusted for potential confounders. Adjusted ORs for LBW were 1.25 (95% CI 1.00-1.56) for maternal age < 18 years, 1.80 (95% CI 1.54-2.03) for Bedouin ethnicity, 2.57 (95% CI 2.14-3.07) for pregnancy-induced hypertension, 1.55 (95% CI 1.30-1.84) for lack of prenatal care and 4.09 (95% CI 3.2-5.2) for malformations.
Teenage pregnancy was found to be associated with adverse outcome such as LBW, preterm delivery, small for gestational age and malformations. The risk for LBW was affected mainly by demographic factors (maternal ethnicity, lack of prenatal care) and medical factors (pregnancy-induced hypertension, malformations).
评估一大群青少年妊娠的围产期结局，并确定青少年妊娠中低出生体重（LBW）的危险因素。
纳入1990年至1997年间年龄在16 - 24岁的所有单胎初产妇。分娩被细分为三个产妇年龄组（16 - 17岁、18 - 19岁与20 - 24岁），并比较围产期结局参数。为调整年轻产妇年龄与出生体重之间关联的潜在混杂效应，对低出生体重与产妇种族、妊娠高血压、缺乏产前护理和新生儿畸形进行逻辑回归分析。
在总共11496例患者中，600例（5.2%）年龄在16 - 17岁，2097例（18.2%）年龄在18 - 19岁，其余8799例（76.6%）年龄在20 - 24岁。最年轻的母亲中贝多因族裔和缺乏产前护理很常见。三个年龄组的早产率分别为14.2%、9.8%和8.8%（p < 0.05）。最年轻的母亲中畸形、小于胎龄儿、低出生体重和极低出生体重的发生率也显著更高。三个年龄组的妊娠高血压、手术分娩和剖宫产率无显著差异。对低出生体重进行多因素分析以评估年轻产妇年龄在调整潜在混杂因素后的独特贡献。年龄<18岁产妇低出生体重的调整比值比为1.25（95%可信区间1.00 - 1.56），贝多因族裔为1.80（95%可信区间1.54 - 2.03），妊娠高血压为2.57（95%可信区间2.14 - 3.07），缺乏产前护理为1.55（95%可信区间1.30 - 1.84），畸形为4.09（95%可信区间3.2 - 5.2）。
发现青少年妊娠与低出生体重、早产、小于胎龄儿和畸形等不良结局相关。低出生体重风险主要受人口统计学因素（产妇种族、缺乏产前护理）和医学因素（妊娠高血压、畸形）影响。
