Jinn T H, Kim P D, Russell P T, Church C A, John E O, Jung T T
Division of Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, Loma Linda University School of Medicine and Jerry L Pettis Memorial Veterans Administration Hospital, Loma Linda, California, USA.
Laryngoscope. 2001 Dec;111(12):2105-8. doi: 10.1097/00005537-200112000-00004.
Otic drops are commonly used not only for otitis externa, but also for otorrhea in the presence of tympanostomy tubes or tympanic membrane perforations. Many studies have demonstrated the ototoxicity of common otic preparations such as Cortisporin otic drops (Monarch Pharmaceuticals, Bristol, TN). The purpose of this study was to assess the relative ototoxicity of common otic preparations by direct exposure to isolated cochlear outer hair cells (OHCs).
OHCs from adult chinchilla cochlea were exposed to standard bathing solution (control), acetic acid, Acetasol HC (Alpharma USPD Inc., Baltimore, MD), Gentacidin (CIBA Vision Ophthalmics, Atlanta, GA), and Tobradex (Alcon, Fort Worth, TX). The cells were observed using an inverted microscope, and the images were recorded in digital still-frame and video, and analyzed on the Image Pro-Plus 3.0 program (Media Cybernetics, Silver Spring, MD).
As measured by time to cell death and change in morphology of OHCs, acetic acid with or without hydrocortisone was most toxic to OHCs. Cortisporin was more cytotoxic than gentamicin and Tobradex.
耳用滴剂不仅常用于外耳道炎，还用于鼓膜造孔管存在或鼓膜穿孔时的耳漏。许多研究已证明常用耳用制剂如可的苏耳用滴剂（君主制药公司，田纳西州布里斯托尔）具有耳毒性。本研究的目的是通过直接暴露于分离的耳蜗外毛细胞（OHC）来评估常用耳用制剂的相对耳毒性。
将成年龙猫耳蜗的OHC暴露于标准浴液（对照）、乙酸、Acetasol HC（美国阿尔法制药公司，马里兰州巴尔的摩）、庆大霉素（CIBA Vision眼科公司，佐治亚州亚特兰大）和妥布霉素（爱尔康公司，得克萨斯州沃思堡）。使用倒置显微镜观察细胞，将图像记录为数字静止帧和视频，并在Image Pro-Plus 3.0程序（媒体赛博公司，马里兰州银泉）上进行分析。
以细胞死亡时间和OHC形态变化衡量，含或不含氢化可的松的乙酸对OHC毒性最大。可的苏耳用滴剂的细胞毒性比庆大霉素和妥布霉素更强。
