Eloit C, Marmouz F
Département ORL, Hôpital Lariboisère-10, rue Ambroise Paré 75010 Paris.
Allerg Immunol (Paris). 2001 Dec;33(10):406-8.
The allergic rhinitis is a very frequent condition. Its consequences are probably underestimated because of the large number of self-medicated patients. The clinical history is often telling. Etiological diagnosis is based on cutaneous Prick-Tests, which have a high sensibility and specificity-rate and which can be easily applied to young children. The treatment relies on the use of oral anti-histamines and local steroid sprays, for a period of time covering the exposure to allergens. In all the cases, the avoidance of the allergen constitutes the decisive element to determine the efficiency of the treatment. The starting up of a treatment prevents the outbreak of complications or enables to decrease their strength. Specific immunotherapy may be considered according to the last OMS consensus statement.
过敏性鼻炎是一种非常常见的病症。由于大量患者自行用药，其后果可能被低估。临床病史往往能说明问题。病因诊断基于皮肤点刺试验，该试验具有较高的敏感性和特异性，且易于应用于幼儿。治疗依靠口服抗组胺药和局部类固醇喷雾剂，疗程涵盖接触过敏原的时间段。在所有病例中，避免接触过敏原是决定治疗效果的关键因素。开始治疗可预防并发症的爆发或减轻其严重程度。根据世界卫生组织的最新共识声明，可考虑采用特异性免疫疗法。
