Van Gelder R N
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Ophthalmic Genet. 2001 Dec;22(4):195-205. doi: 10.1076/opge.22.4.195.2215.
At least six light-regulated phenomena are preserved in the eyes of retinally degenerate mice, including the entrainment of circadian rhythms, the gating of ocular immune response, and pupillary reactivity. Some of these phenomena have also been observed in blind human patients. These findings have prompted the search for a non-visual ocular phototransduction mechanism. Molecular genetic studies have identified several candidate genes for these effects. These include genes encoding novel ocular opsins, such as melanopsin, as well as potential flavin-based photopigments. Data linking these potential photoreceptors to these phenomena are discussed, and the clinical implications of these findings are explored.
视网膜退化小鼠的眼睛中至少保留了六种受光调节的现象，包括昼夜节律的调节、眼部免疫反应的闸门控制以及瞳孔反应性。其中一些现象在盲人患者中也有观察到。这些发现促使人们寻找一种非视觉性的眼部光转导机制。分子遗传学研究已经确定了几种可能产生这些效应的候选基因。这些基因包括编码新型眼部视蛋白的基因，如黑视蛋白，以及潜在的黄素基光色素。本文讨论了将这些潜在光感受器与这些现象联系起来的数据，并探讨了这些发现的临床意义。
