Van Gelder Russell N
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University Medical School, Campus Box 8096, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Trends Neurosci. 2003 Sep;26(9):458-61. doi: 10.1016/S0166-2236(03)00211-X.
A subset of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells transduce information about ambient lighting conditions to areas of the brain involved in tasks including entrainment of the circadian clock, pupillary light reflexes and melatonin synthesis. The phototransduction system(s) utilized by these cells are unknown. Melanopsin and cryptochromes have been proposed as candidate photopigments for this system. Recent analyses of retinal degenerate mice lacking melanopsin or cryptochromes indicates that outer and inner photoreceptors can both contribute to non-visual photoresponses, and that both melanopsin and cryptochromes play important roles in this process.
一部分内在光敏性视网膜神经节细胞将有关环境光照条件的信息传递到大脑中参与包括昼夜节律时钟的同步、瞳孔光反射和褪黑素合成等任务的区域。这些细胞所利用的光转导系统尚不清楚。黑视蛋白和隐花色素已被提出作为该系统的候选光色素。最近对缺乏黑视蛋白或隐花色素的视网膜退化小鼠的分析表明，外光感受器和内光感受器都可以对非视觉光反应做出贡献，并且黑视蛋白和隐花色素在这一过程中都起着重要作用。
