Reddy G B, Hunt P G, Phillips R, Stone K, Grubbs A
Department of Natural Resources & Environmental Design, North Carolina, A&T State University, Greensboro, USA.
Water Sci Technol. 2001;44(11-12):545-50.
Swine waste is commonly treated in the USA by flushing into an anaerobic lagoon and subsequently applying to land. This natural system type of application has been part of agricultural practice for many years. However, it is currently under scrutiny by regulators. An alternate natural system technology to treat swine wastewater may be constructed wetland. For this study we used four wetland cells (11 m width x 40 m length) with a marsh-pond-marsh design. The marsh sections were planted to cattail (Typha latifolia, L.) and bulrushes (Scirpus americanus). Two cells were loaded with 16 kg N ha(-1) day(-1) with a detention of 21 days. They removed 51% of the added N. Two additional cells were loaded with 32 kg ha(-1) day(-1) with 10.5 days detention. These cells removed only 37% of the added N. However, treatment operations included cold months in which treatment was much less efficient. Removal of N was moderately correlated with the temperature. During the warmer periods removal efficiencies were more consistent with the high removal rates reported for continuous marsh systems--often > than 70%. Phosphorus removal ranged from 30 to 45%. Aquatic macrophytes (plants and floating) assimilated about 320 and 35 kg ha(-1), respectively of N and P.
在美国，猪粪通常通过冲入厌氧塘然后施用于土地来处理。这种自然系统类型的应用已经成为农业实践的一部分多年了。然而，它目前正受到监管机构的审查。一种处理猪废水的替代自然系统技术可能是人工湿地。在本研究中，我们使用了四个湿地单元（宽11米×长40米），采用沼泽 - 池塘 - 沼泽设计。沼泽部分种植了香蒲（宽叶香蒲，L.）和芦苇（美洲刺子莞）。两个单元每天每公顷加载16千克氮，停留时间为21天。它们去除了添加氮的51%。另外两个单元每天每公顷加载32千克氮，停留时间为1.5天。这些单元仅去除了添加氮的37%。然而，处理操作包括寒冷月份，在这些月份处理效率要低得多。氮的去除与温度呈中度相关。在较温暖的时期，去除效率与连续沼泽系统报道的高去除率更一致——通常超过70%。磷的去除率在30%至45%之间。水生大型植物（植物和漂浮物）分别吸收了约320千克/公顷和35千克/公顷的氮和磷。
