Shutes R B, Revitt D M, Scholes L N, Forshaw M, Winter B
Urban Pollution Research Centre, Middlesex University, London, UK.
Water Sci Technol. 2001;44(11-12):571-8.
This paper compares the performance of an experimental highway runoff treatment system, incorporating a subsurface flow constructed wetland, with that of a vegetated balancing pond. Both systems are located on the same major road in the UK which opened in November 1998. Copper, chromium and nickel total aqueous metal concentrations, although low, have been consistently removed (maximum efficiencies of 67.3, 69.8 and 87.0% respectively in the constructed wetland), particularly in the summer. Zinc showed the highest aqueous metal concentrations and the generally positive removal by the constructed wetland system (maximum efficiency of 60.6%) correlates with the expected metal uptake by Typha latifolia and Phragmites australis. Sediment levels for these metals and for lead progressively decreased over the one year monitoring period. For the two storm events monitored in the constructed wetland system, all metals showed evidence of removal (removal efficiencies of 24.2 to 99.4%) except for copper. Lead and cadmium demonstrated the highest removal efficiencies followed by nickel and zinc. For both storms, the wetland acted as a source of copper (removal efficiencies of -88.4 to -97.1%), which may be explained by the die-back of aquatic plants and consequent release of organically bound copper.
本文比较了一个包含潜流人工湿地的试验性公路径流处理系统与一个植被平衡塘的性能。这两个系统都位于英国一条于1998年11月通车的主要道路上。铜、铬和镍的总水溶态金属浓度虽低，但一直都有去除效果（人工湿地中最大去除效率分别为67.3%、69.8%和87.0%），尤其是在夏季。锌的水溶态金属浓度最高，人工湿地系统对其总体呈正向去除效果（最大效率为60.6%），这与宽叶香蒲和芦苇对金属的预期吸收情况相关。在为期一年的监测期内，这些金属以及铅的沉积物含量逐渐降低。在人工湿地系统监测的两次暴雨事件中，除铜之外，所有金属均有去除迹象（去除效率为24.2%至99.4%）。铅和镉的去除效率最高，其次是镍和锌。对于这两次暴雨，湿地都充当了铜的来源（去除效率为-88.4%至-97.1%），这可能是由于水生植物死亡以及随之而来的有机结合态铜的释放所致。
