Borgnolo G, Simon G, Francescutti C, Lattuada L, Zanier L
Agenzia Regionale della Sanità del Friuli Venezia Giulia, Udine, Italy.
Acta Paediatr. 2001 Nov;90(11):1316-20. doi: 10.1080/080352501317130399.
Comprehensive information on prescription patterns of antibiotics in Italy is scarce. This study describes the use of systemic antibiotics in children according to age and sex in Friuli Venezia Giulia, north-east Italy. A pharmacological prescription database was used to identify individual prescriptions provided to all 0-15-y-old resident children (n = 140,630) during 1998. Overall, 124,383 prescriptions were identified. The prescription rate was highest in the 3-6 y olds, with 1491 antibiotic prescriptions per 1,000 children per year. Antibiotics were prescribed for 52% of infants, 57.2% of toddlers and 62% of preschool children. Twenty-nine percent of the prescriptions were for cephalosporins, 27% for macrolides and 24% for broad-spectrum penicillins. Prescription rates were much higher than in other countries such as Denmark, with more antibiotic courses prescribed for more children at all ages. Prescriptions from general practitioners and family paediatricians often included second-line antibiotics (e.g. cephalosporins and macrolides) or antibiotics that have not been approved for community-acquired paediatric infections (e.g. quinolones).
The development of regional guidelines for antibiotic use in children should be urgently recommended.
关于意大利抗生素处方模式的全面信息匮乏。本研究描述了意大利东北部弗留利-威尼斯朱利亚地区儿童按年龄和性别的全身性抗生素使用情况。利用一个药理学处方数据库来识别1998年期间提供给所有0至15岁常住儿童（n = 140,630）的个人处方。总体而言，共识别出124,383份处方。3至6岁儿童的处方率最高，每年每1000名儿童中有1491份抗生素处方。婴儿中52%、幼儿中57.2%以及学龄前儿童中62%使用了抗生素。29%的处方为头孢菌素类，27%为大环内酯类，24%为广谱青霉素类。处方率远高于丹麦等其他国家，所有年龄段更多儿童使用了更多疗程的抗生素。全科医生和家庭儿科医生的处方中常常包含二线抗生素（如头孢菌素类和大环内酯类）或未被批准用于社区获得性儿科感染的抗生素（如喹诺酮类）。
应紧急建议制定儿童抗生素使用的地区指南。
