Ferguson Brian G, Criswick Lionel G, Lo Kam W
Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Pyrmont, NSW, Australia.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2002 Jan;111(1 Pt 1):104-16. doi: 10.1121/1.1402618.
The firing of a gun generates an acoustic impulse that propagates radially outwards from the source. Acoustic gun-ranging systems estimate the source position by measuring the relative time of arrival of the impulse at a number of spatially distributed acoustic sensors. The sound-ranging problem is revisited here using improved time-delay estimation methods to refine the source position estimates. The time difference for the acoustic wavefront to arrive at two spatially separated sensors is estimated by cross correlating the digitized outputs of the sensors. The time-delay estimate is used to calculate the source bearing, and the source position is cross fixed by triangulation using the bearings from two widely separated receiving nodes. The variability in the bearing and position estimates is quantified by processing acoustic sensor data recorded during field experiments for a variety of impulsive sound sources: artillery guns, mortars, and grenades. Imperfect knowledge of the effective speed of sound travel results in bias errors in the source bearing estimates, which are found to depend on the orientation of the sensor pair axis with respect to the source direction. Combining the time-delay estimates from two orthogonal pairs of sensors reduces these bias errors.
开枪会产生一个声脉冲，该声脉冲从声源径向向外传播。声学枪测距系统通过测量脉冲到达多个空间分布的声学传感器的相对时间来估计声源位置。本文使用改进的时延估计方法重新探讨了声测距问题，以优化声源位置估计。通过对传感器的数字化输出进行互相关，估计声波前到达两个空间分离传感器的时间差。时延估计用于计算声源方位，并且通过使用来自两个相距较远的接收节点的方位进行三角测量来交叉确定声源位置。通过处理在野外实验中针对各种脉冲声源（火炮、迫击炮和手榴弹）记录的声学传感器数据，对方位和位置估计的可变性进行了量化。对有效声传播速度的不完全了解会导致声源方位估计中的偏差误差，发现该误差取决于传感器对轴相对于声源方向的取向。组合来自两对正交传感器的时延估计可减少这些偏差误差。
