Seo Sang-Woo, Kim Myunggyu, Kim Yejin
Creative Content Research Division, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, 218 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Korea.
School of Games, Hongik University, 2639 Sejong-ro, Jochiwon-eup, Sejong 30016, Korea.
Sensors (Basel). 2018 Apr 25;18(5):1323. doi: 10.3390/s18051323.
Estimation of the motion of ball-shaped objects is essential for the operation of ball sport simulators. In this paper, we propose an estimation system for 3D ball motion, including speed and angle of projection, by using acoustic vector and infrared (IR) scanning sensors. Our system is comprised of three steps to estimate a ball motion: sound-based ball firing detection, sound source localization, and IR scanning for motion analysis. First, an impulsive sound classification based on the mel-frequency cepstrum and feed-forward neural network is introduced to detect the ball launch sound. An impulsive sound source localization using a 2D microelectromechanical system (MEMS) microphones and delay-and-sum beamforming is presented to estimate the firing position. The time and position of a ball in 3D space is determined from a high-speed infrared scanning method. Our experimental results demonstrate that the estimation of ball motion based on sound allows a wider activity area than similar camera-based methods. Thus, it can be practically applied to various simulations in sports such as soccer and baseball.
估计球形物体的运动对于球类运动模拟器的运行至关重要。在本文中，我们提出了一种用于三维球运动的估计系统，该系统通过使用声学矢量和红外（IR）扫描传感器来估计球的速度和投射角度。我们的系统由三个步骤组成来估计球的运动：基于声音的球发射检测、声源定位以及用于运动分析的红外扫描。首先，引入基于梅尔频率倒谱和前馈神经网络的脉冲声音分类来检测球发射声音。提出了一种使用二维微机电系统（MEMS）麦克风和延迟求和波束形成的脉冲声源定位方法来估计发射位置。通过高速红外扫描方法确定球在三维空间中的时间和位置。我们的实验结果表明，基于声音的球运动估计比类似的基于摄像头的方法具有更广泛的活动区域。因此，它可以实际应用于足球和棒球等各种体育模拟中。
