Wessa Michèle, Flor Herta
Lehrstuhl für Neuropsychologie an der Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, J 5, D-68159 Mannheim, Germany.
Z Psychosom Med Psychother. 2002;48(1):28-37. doi: 10.13109/zptm.2002.48.1.28.
We postulate that posttraumatic stress disorder is maintained by learnt cortical and subcortical plastic changes. Specifically, we assume that classical conditioning leads to an intense emotional memory of the trauma that is mainly implicit and related to plastic changes in subcortical structures such as the amygdala. At the same time an insufficient explicit trauma memory is formed that manifests itself in insufficient cortical processing of trauma content. This dissociation of implicit and explicit memory prevents the extinction of the emotional response to the trauma and perpetuates the disorder. First empirical results based on this model confirm the main hypotheses.
我们推测创伤后应激障碍是由习得的皮质和皮质下可塑性变化维持的。具体而言，我们假设经典条件作用导致对创伤的强烈情绪记忆，这种记忆主要是隐性的，并且与杏仁核等皮质下结构的可塑性变化有关。与此同时，形成的显性创伤记忆不足，表现为对创伤内容的皮质处理不足。隐性和显性记忆的这种分离阻止了对创伤的情绪反应的消退，并使该障碍持续存在。基于该模型的初步实证结果证实了主要假设。
