Leinonen R, Heikkinen E, Jylhä M
Finnish Centre for Interdisciplinary Gerontology, University of Jyväskylä.
Aging (Milano). 2001 Dec;13(6):454-64.
The aim of our study was to examine the predictors of health ratings by applying a path analysis model to a set of data from 75-year-old men and women in a 5-year follow-up study. The study was part of the Evergreen project with the study group comprising all the eligible inhabitants of Jyväskylä, central Finland (N=382). The data were based on an interview and study center examinations focusing on different domains of health and functional capacity. Among the women, better health ratings at baseline, better functional ability and maximal working capacity, and a higher number of social contacts were important direct predictors of better health ratings at follow-up. Among the men, better health ratings at baseline, and depending on the model, higher physical activity or a lower number of chronic conditions and better functional ability were the most important direct predictors. The explanatory power of the path analysis models was 31-39% for men and 32% for women. In conclusion, health ratings reflect multiple dimensions of health and functioning. In addition to significant direct effects on health ratings, the predictors also have sequential effects running from life-style through functional performance and the activities of daily living to health ratings. The factors associated with health ratings differ to some extent by gender.
我们研究的目的是通过对一组来自芬兰中部于韦斯屈莱市75岁男性和女性的5年随访研究数据应用路径分析模型，来检验健康评级的预测因素。该研究是“常青项目”的一部分，研究组包括芬兰中部于韦斯屈莱市所有符合条件的居民（N = 382）。数据基于访谈以及研究中心针对健康和功能能力不同领域的检查。在女性中，基线时更好的健康评级、更好的功能能力和最大工作能力，以及更多的社交接触是随访时更好健康评级的重要直接预测因素。在男性中，基线时更好的健康评级，以及根据模型不同，更高的身体活动水平或更少的慢性病数量和更好的功能能力是最重要的直接预测因素。路径分析模型对男性的解释力为31% - 39%，对女性为32%。总之，健康评级反映了健康和功能的多个维度。除了对健康评级有显著的直接影响外，这些预测因素还具有从生活方式通过功能表现和日常生活活动到健康评级的顺序效应。与健康评级相关的因素在一定程度上因性别而异。
