Marable Sharon, Crim Courtney, Dennis Gary C, Epps Roselyn Payne, Freeman Harold, Mills Sherry, Coolchan Eric T, Robinson Lawrence, Robinson Robert, Cole Lorraine, Payne Pamela H
J Natl Med Assoc. 2002 Feb;94(2):78-87.
Tobacco Control remains one of the greatest determinants for reducing the morbidity and mortality of African Americans.
To examine the scope and consequences of tobacco use among African Americans and characterize its implications for the National Medical Association physician membership and their patients, and identify policy, education, advocacy and research issues in Tobacco Control for the organization.
Literature review using the MEDLINE database from January 1966 to August 1999 Week 1, searching Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) reading combined with text words "Black" or "African American" and "Tobacco" as a search term, identified 130 articles/110 abstracts published between 1988 and February 1999. The panel selected 61 appropriate articles and a paper summarizing the literature review was developed. The summary paper was used as background material for a formal consensus panel discussion on July 16-17, 1999. Consensus among committee members was reached via mail, fax and e-mail using the summary review paper, annotated bibliographies key informant surveys, and previous NMA resolutions on tobacco control. A formal working session was held on July 16-17, 1999 in which four areas of concentration of issues were determined: Policy, Advocacy, Education and Research. All committee members approved the final report.
Because tobacco control issues in African Americans are both complex and poorly understood, the panel views the NMA's role as pivotal in the coordination of resources and capacity-building to address all four areas identified. Stronger partner-ships with traditional federal and nonprofit agencies associated with tobacco control/advocacy in African Americans as well as nontraditional organizations (i.e., churches, academia, marketing and media organizations) also must occur to strengthen the infra-structure needed to assess needs, design appropriate interventions and evaluate the appropriateness, effectiveness and efficacy of tobacco control efforts in African American communities.
烟草控制仍然是降低非裔美国人发病率和死亡率的最大决定因素之一。
研究非裔美国人烟草使用的范围和后果，描述其对美国国家医学协会医师会员及其患者的影响，并确定该组织在烟草控制方面的政策、教育、宣传和研究问题。
使用MEDLINE数据库进行文献综述，时间跨度为1966年1月至1999年8月第1周，检索医学主题词（MeSH）并结合文本词“黑人”或“非裔美国人”以及“烟草”作为检索词，共识别出1988年至1999年2月期间发表的130篇文章/110篇摘要。小组挑选了61篇合适的文章，并撰写了一篇总结文献综述的论文。该总结论文被用作1999年7月16 - 17日正式共识小组讨论的背景材料。委员会成员通过邮件、传真和电子邮件，利用总结综述论文、带注释的文献目录、关键信息提供者调查以及美国国家医学协会以前关于烟草控制的决议达成共识。1999年7月16 - 17日举行了一次正式工作会议，确定了四个重点问题领域：政策、宣传、教育和研究。所有委员会成员均批准了最终报告。
由于非裔美国人的烟草控制问题既复杂又鲜为人知，小组认为美国国家医学协会在协调资源和能力建设以解决所确定的所有四个领域方面发挥着关键作用。还必须与在非裔美国人烟草控制/宣传方面的传统联邦和非营利机构以及非传统组织（如教会、学术界、营销和媒体组织）建立更强大的伙伴关系，以加强评估需求、设计适当干预措施以及评估非裔美国人社区烟草控制努力的适当性、有效性和成效所需的基础设施。
