Hutchison Kent E, LaChance Heather, Niaura Raymond, Bryan Angela, Smolen Andrew
Department of Psychology, University of Colorado at Boulder, 80309-0345, USA.
J Abnorm Psychol. 2002 Feb;111(1):134-43. doi: 10.1037//0021-843x.111.1.134.
Recent research has indicated that craving for tobacco can be reliably elicited by exposure to smoking cues, suggesting that cue-elicited craving for tobacco may be a useful phenotype for research on genetic factors related to nicotine dependence. Given the potential role of dopamine in cue-elicited craving, the authors examined whether the DRD4 VNTR polymorphism is associated with cue-elicited craving for tobacco. Participants who were homozygous or heterozygous for the 7 repeat (or longer) allele were classified as DRD4 L, and all other participants were classified as DRD4 S. Participants were exposed to smoking cues before smoking either high-nicotine cigarettes or control cigarettes. Analyses suggested that participants in the L group demonstrated significantly greater craving, more arousal, less positive affect, and more attention to the smoking cues than did the participants in the S group.
近期研究表明，接触吸烟线索能够可靠地引发对烟草的渴望，这表明线索引发的对烟草的渴望可能是研究与尼古丁依赖相关遗传因素的一个有用表型。鉴于多巴胺在线索引发的渴望中可能发挥的作用，作者研究了DRD4 VNTR多态性是否与线索引发的对烟草的渴望有关。对7次重复（或更长）等位基因纯合或杂合的参与者被归类为DRD4 L，所有其他参与者被归类为DRD4 S。参与者在吸食高尼古丁香烟或对照香烟之前先接触吸烟线索。分析表明，L组参与者比S组参与者表现出明显更强烈的渴望、更高的兴奋度、更低的积极情绪以及对吸烟线索更多的关注。
