Gianetti Jacopo, Pedrinelli Roberto, Petrucci Roberto, Lazzerini Guido, De Caterina Maurizio, Bellomo Giorgio, De Caterina Raffaele
C. N. R. Institute of Clinical Physiology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Am Heart J. 2002 Mar;143(3):467-74. doi: 10.1067/mhj.2002.120776.
Antioxidants may prevent atherosclerosis by interfering with endothelial activation, which involves the expression of endothelial adhesion molecules. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between plasma levels of some lipid-soluble antioxidants (gamma-tocopherol, alpha-tocopherol, lycopene, beta-carotene, and ubiquinone), carotid maximum intima-media thickness (IMTmax), an index of atherosclerotic extension/severity, and soluble adhesion molecules (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 [VCAM-1], intercellular adhesion molecule-1 [ICAM-1], and E-selectin), which are taken as a reflection of vascular cell expression of adhesion molecules.
We studied 11 healthy control subjects, 11 patients with uncomplicated hypertension (UH), and 11 patients with essential hypertension plus peripheral vascular disease (PVD) who were matched for age, sex, smoking habit, and body mass index.
Patients with PVD had elevated IMTmax (2.7 [1.1-3.1] mm, median [range]) compared with both patients with UH(1.2 [0.8-2.4] mm) and control subjects (1.0 [0.6-2] mm). In patients with PVD, soluble (s)VCAM-1 and sICAM-1 were also significantly higher than in the 2 other categories. Plasma levels of lycopene had a trend toward lower values in patients with PVD compared with other groups (P =.13). A statistically significant correlation was found between lycopene and IMTmax (r = 0.42, P =.014) at univariate analysis, which persisted at multivariate analysis (P <.05) and was independent of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, creatinine clearance, and plasma insulin. Plasma lycopene did not significantly correlate with any of the soluble adhesion molecules tested.
We conclude that the inverse relationship of plasma lycopene with IMTmax is compatible with a protective role of this natural dietary antioxidant in atherosclerosis, although the mechanism of protection does not apparently involve a decrease in endothelial activation measured through soluble adhesion molecules.
抗氧化剂可能通过干扰内皮细胞活化来预防动脉粥样硬化，内皮细胞活化涉及内皮黏附分子的表达。本研究的目的是探讨某些脂溶性抗氧化剂（γ-生育酚、α-生育酚、番茄红素、β-胡萝卜素和泛醌）的血浆水平、颈动脉最大内膜中层厚度（IMTmax，动脉粥样硬化扩展/严重程度的指标）与可溶性黏附分子（血管细胞黏附分子-1 [VCAM-1]、细胞间黏附分子-1 [ICAM-1] 和 E-选择素）之间的关系，这些可溶性黏附分子被视为血管细胞黏附分子表达的反映。
我们研究了11名健康对照者、11名无并发症高血压（UH）患者和11名原发性高血压合并周围血管疾病（PVD）患者，他们在年龄、性别、吸烟习惯和体重指数方面相匹配。
与UH患者（1.2 [0.8 - 2.4] mm）和对照者（1.0 [0.6 - 2] mm）相比，PVD患者的IMTmax升高（2.7 [1.1 - 3.1] mm，中位数[范围]）。在PVD患者中，可溶性（s）VCAM-1和sICAM-1也显著高于其他两类患者。与其他组相比，PVD患者的血浆番茄红素水平有降低趋势（P = 0.13）。单因素分析发现番茄红素与IMTmax之间存在统计学显著相关性（r = 0.42，P = 0.014），多因素分析时该相关性仍然存在（P < 0.05），且独立于低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、肌酐清除率和血浆胰岛素。血浆番茄红素与所检测的任何可溶性黏附分子均无显著相关性。
我们得出结论，血浆番茄红素与IMTmax的负相关关系与这种天然膳食抗氧化剂在动脉粥样硬化中的保护作用相符，尽管保护机制显然不涉及通过可溶性黏附分子测量的内皮细胞活化的降低。
