Bohnker Bruce K, Page John C, Rovig Glen, Betts Lawrence S, Muller John G, Sack David M
Navy Environmental Health Center, 2510 Walmer Drive, Norfolk, VA 23513, USA.
Mil Med. 2002 Feb;167(2):132-5.
This study presents mean hearing thresholds from a cross-sectional study of 68,632 monitoring audiograms submitted to the Navy Environmental Health Center for 1995 to 1999. Records included U.S. Navy and U.S. Marine Corps enlisted personnel (Navy men = 51,643; Navy women = 4,184; Marine Corps men = 12,251: Marine Corps women = 554). Mean hearing thresholds were calculated for age groups (17-24, 25-29, 30-34, 35-39, 40-44, 45-49, and 50 years and older), gender (male/female), and service (Navy/Marine Corps). Although hearing thresholds worsened with increasing age, as expected, Navy and Marine Corps men have worse levels than Occupational Safety and Health Administration age-corrected values throughout most of their careers, whereas women were closer to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration values. Hearing thresholds in the Navy have not improved appreciably from historical reports. Threshold variability, as revealed by standard deviations, increased with age and paralleled threshold levels. This epidemiological information suggests that hearing conservation continues to be an important force health protection issue.
本研究展示了对1995年至1999年提交给海军环境卫生中心的68632份监测听力图进行横断面研究得出的平均听力阈值。记录包括美国海军和美国海军陆战队的现役人员（海军男性=51643人；海军女性=4184人；海军陆战队男性=12251人；海军陆战队女性=554人）。计算了不同年龄组（17 - 24岁、25 - 29岁、30 - 34岁、35 - 39岁、40 - 44岁、45 - 49岁以及50岁及以上）、性别（男/女）和军种（海军/海军陆战队）的平均听力阈值。尽管正如预期的那样，听力阈值会随着年龄增长而变差，但海军和海军陆战队男性在其职业生涯的大部分时间里，听力水平都比职业安全与健康管理局年龄校正后的值更差，而女性则更接近职业安全与健康管理局的值。与历史报告相比，海军的听力阈值没有明显改善。标准差所显示的阈值变异性随年龄增加，并与阈值水平平行。这一流行病学信息表明，听力保护仍然是部队健康保护的一个重要问题。
