Ehrenberger Klaus
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Vienna, Austria.
Adv Otorhinolaryngol. 2002;59:156-62. doi: 10.1159/000059252.
The glutamatergic synapses between the cochlear inner hair cells and their afferent neurons seem to be mostly involved in the pathophysiology of the cochlea. Glutamatergic neurotoxicity is characterized by a mitochondrial overproduction of free oxygen radicals damaging lipid membranes and DNA structures of the postsynaptic neuron followed by the clinical symptoms of hearing loss and tinnitus. In preclinical tests, quinoxaline derivatives antagonized these deleterious consequences of too high an amount of free radicals. Therefore the clinically available quinoxaline dione caroverine provides a new approach to a successful treatment of tinnitus, sudden hearing loss and speech discrimination disorders in presbyacusis. The results of corresponding clinical trials are presented.
耳蜗内毛细胞与其传入神经元之间的谷氨酸能突触似乎在耳蜗的病理生理学中起主要作用。谷氨酸能神经毒性的特征是线粒体过度产生游离氧自由基，破坏突触后神经元的脂质膜和DNA结构，随后出现听力损失和耳鸣的临床症状。在临床前试验中，喹喔啉衍生物拮抗了过量自由基的这些有害后果。因此，临床可用的喹喔啉二酮卡维林为成功治疗耳鸣、突发性听力损失和老年性聋中的言语辨别障碍提供了一种新方法。文中给出了相应临床试验的结果。
