Schoenberger Nancy E, Matheis Robert J, Shiflett Samuel C, Cotter Ann C
Kessler Medical Rehabilitation Research and Education Corporation, West Orange, NJ, USA.
J Altern Complement Med. 2002 Feb;8(1):59-69. doi: 10.1089/107555302753507186.
To assess the attitudes and practices of professionals in the field of physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) regarding prayer and meditation.
A national mail survey that included questions about the use of a number of complementary and alternative therapies.
The survey was mailed to 7,479 physicians, nurses, physical therapists, and occupational therapists who specialize in PM&R, and 1221 (17%) returned completed surveys.
Although the majority of respondents endorsed prayer as a legitimate health care practice, there was greater belief in the benefits of meditation. Older respondents were more likely to recommend meditation to their patients and more likely to meditate themselves. Gender differences that were observed in opinions and practices are better interpreted as differences in professional specialty. In general, nurses and occupational therapists responded more positively toward meditation and prayer than did physicians and physical therapists. Personal use of a technique was the strongest predictor of professional behaviors. Attitude was a stronger predictor of professional use or referral for prayer than meditation, but correlations between attitude and behavior were generally weak for both techniques. Despite their acceptance of these techniques, the vast majority of rehabilitation professionals did not refer their patients for meditation or religious consultation.
Although there were significant relationships among beliefs, and personal and professional behaviors regarding these techniques, a large part of the variance in professional behaviors was not accounted for by age, gender, opinion, or personal behavior, indicating that other influences exert a stronger effect on professional practice decisions.
评估物理医学与康复（PM&R）领域专业人员对祈祷和冥想的态度及做法。
一项全国性邮寄调查，其中包含有关多种补充和替代疗法使用情况的问题。
该调查邮寄给了7479名专门从事PM&R的医生、护士、物理治疗师和职业治疗师，1221人（17%）返回了完整的调查问卷。
尽管大多数受访者认可祈祷是一种合理的医疗保健做法，但对冥想益处的信念更强。年长的受访者更有可能向患者推荐冥想，自己也更有可能进行冥想。在观点和做法上观察到的性别差异，更好地解释为专业领域的差异。总体而言，护士和职业治疗师对冥想和祈祷的反应比医生和物理治疗师更积极。个人对某种技术的使用是专业行为的最强预测因素。态度对祈祷的专业使用或推荐的预测作用比对冥想更强，但两种技术的态度与行为之间的相关性通常都较弱。尽管康复专业人员接受这些技术，但绝大多数人并未将患者转介进行冥想或宗教咨询。
尽管在对这些技术的信念、个人及专业行为之间存在显著关系，但专业行为中的很大一部分差异无法用年龄、性别、观点或个人行为来解释，这表明其他影响因素对专业实践决策的作用更强。
