Eggermont J, Trouet D, Carton I, Nilius B
Laboratory of Physiology, Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium.
Cell Biochem Biophys. 2001;35(3):263-74. doi: 10.1385/CBB:35:3:263.
Restoration of cell volume after cell swelling in mammalian cells is achieved by the loss of solutes (K+, Cl-, and organic osmolytes) and the subsequent osmotically driven efflux of water. This process is generally known as regulatory volume decrease (RVD). One pathway for the swelling induced loss of Cl- (and also organic osmolytes) during RVD is the volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC). In this review, we discuss the physiological role and cellular control of VRAC. We will first highlight evidence that VRAC is more than a volume regulator and that it participates in other fundamental cellular processes such as cell proliferation and apoptosis. The second part concentrates on the Rho/Rho kinase/myosin phosphorylation cascade and on compartmentalization in caveolae as modulators of the signal transduction cascade that controls VRAC gating in vascular endothelial cells.
哺乳动物细胞肿胀后细胞体积的恢复是通过溶质（K⁺、Cl⁻和有机渗透溶质）的丢失以及随后渗透压驱动的水外流来实现的。这个过程通常被称为调节性容积减小（RVD）。在RVD过程中，肿胀诱导的Cl⁻（以及有机渗透溶质）丢失的一条途径是容积调节性阴离子通道（VRAC）。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了VRAC的生理作用和细胞调控。我们首先强调的证据是，VRAC不仅仅是一个容积调节器，它还参与其他基本的细胞过程，如细胞增殖和凋亡。第二部分集中讨论Rho/Rho激酶/肌球蛋白磷酸化级联反应以及小窝中的区室化，它们作为信号转导级联反应的调节剂，控制血管内皮细胞中VRAC的门控。
