Miozzo Michele, De Bastiani Pierluigi
Department of Psychology, Columbia University , New York, NY 10027, USA.
Brain Lang. 2002 Mar;80(3):366-92. doi: 10.1006/brln.2001.2598.
We report on an Italian brain-damaged patient with impaired written spelling. The patient's errors, in different fonts and scripts, consist mainly of letter substitutions (e.g., filo [thread] --> TILO). The results of various tests indicate that letter substitution errors arise because of a deficit in accessing the letter-form representations supporting written spelling. Letter substitutions occurred predominantly between letters with common strokes (e.g., C and G; b and p). Similarities in terms of global letter shape or letter sound were not valid predictors of letter substitution errors. Letter frequency, consonant-vowel status, and letter gemination were factors affecting letter substitution errors. The results of our investigation suggest that information about letter strokes are stored at the level of letter-form representations, and that access to these representations is sensitive to letter frequency. The results further indicate that letter-form representations do not specify whether a letter is a consonant or a vowel, or is a geminate.
我们报告了一位患有拼写障碍的意大利脑损伤患者。该患者在不同字体和书写形式下的错误主要包括字母替换（例如，filo [线] --> TILO）。各种测试结果表明，字母替换错误的出现是由于在获取支持书面拼写的字母形式表征方面存在缺陷。字母替换主要发生在具有共同笔画的字母之间（例如，C和G；b和p）。整体字母形状或字母发音方面的相似性并不是字母替换错误的有效预测指标。字母频率、辅音-元音状态和字母双写是影响字母替换错误的因素。我们的调查结果表明，关于字母笔画的信息存储在字母形式表征层面，并且对这些表征的访问对字母频率敏感。结果还表明，字母形式表征并未明确规定一个字母是辅音还是元音，或者是否为双写字母。
