McCloskey Michael, Rapp Brenda
a Cognitive Science Department , Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , MD , USA.
Cogn Neuropsychol. 2017 May-Jun;34(3-4):65-82. doi: 10.1080/02643294.2017.1369016. Epub 2017 Sep 14.
Developmental deficits in the acquisition of writing skills (developmental dysgraphias) are common and have significant consequences, yet these deficits have received relatively little attention from researchers. We offer a framework for studying developmental dysgraphias (including both spelling and handwriting deficits), arguing that research should be grounded in theories describing normal cognitive writing mechanisms and the acquisition of these mechanisms. We survey the current state of knowledge concerning developmental dysgraphia, discussing potential proximal and distal causes. One conclusion emerging from this discussion is that developmental writing deficits are diverse in their manifestations and causes. We suggest an agenda for research on developmental dysgraphia, and suggest that pursuing this agenda may contribute not only to a better understanding of developmental writing impairment, but also to a better understanding of normal writing mechanisms and their acquisition. Finally, we provide a brief introduction to the subsequent articles in this special issue on developmental dysgraphia.
书写技能习得方面的发育缺陷（发育性书写障碍）很常见且后果严重，但这些缺陷相对较少受到研究者的关注。我们提供了一个研究发育性书写障碍（包括拼写和书写缺陷）的框架，认为研究应以描述正常认知书写机制及其习得过程的理论为基础。我们审视了有关发育性书写障碍的当前知识状况，讨论了潜在的近端和远端病因。从这一讨论中得出的一个结论是，发育性书写缺陷在表现形式和病因方面具有多样性。我们提出了一个发育性书写障碍的研究议程，并指出推进这一议程不仅可能有助于更好地理解发育性书写障碍，还能更好地理解正常书写机制及其习得过程。最后，我们简要介绍了本期关于发育性书写障碍的特刊中的后续文章。
