Bendick C, Scheifele C, Reichart P A
Center of HOPE, Sihanouk Hospital, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
J Oral Pathol Med. 2002 Jan;31(1):1-4. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0714.2002.310101.x.
The HIV/AIDS epidemic in Cambodia has become a major problem in the last 7-8 years, mainly because in this formerly war-stricken country the socioeconomic situation is only slowly improving. Since only very few studies have been published to date on the oral health status of Cambodian HIV/AIDS patients, it was the purpose of the present investigation to study oral manifestations in Cambodian patients with HIV disease.
One hundred one Cambodian patients with HIV infection or AIDS were examined for the presence of oral manifestations in one medical center in Phomh Penh, Cambodia.
Sixty-three men and 38 women with a median age of 32 years were examined (age range 7.5-63.5 years). Of these patients, 42.6% were smokers, 46.5% of men were heavy drinkers and 90.5% of men were promiscuous compared with 5.3% of women. The most frequent AIDS-defining diseases were wasting syndrome (54.5%), Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PcP) (19.8%) and tuberculosis (18.8%). Puritic papular eruption, a common cutaneous manifestation in HIV-infected patients, was seen in 17.8% of patients. Candida-associated infections of the oral cavity were most common. Among the patients, 52.5% revealed pseudomembranous candidiasis and 35.6% had bilateral hairy leukoplakia. Only 10% of patients had no oral lesions. Also common were necrotising ulcerative gingivo-periodontal diseases (27.7%).
The general health status of 101 Cambodian patients with HIV infection and AIDS was poor, and they demonstrated a large number of oral manifestations. Antiretroviral therapy is presently not available and only a fraction of patients receives antimycotic treatment (25.7%). HIV infection and the AIDS epidemic in Cambodia have become a serious problem and patients urgently need adequate diagnosis and antiretroviral therapies.
在过去7至8年中，柬埔寨的艾滋病毒/艾滋病疫情已成为一个重大问题，主要原因是在这个曾经饱受战争蹂躏的国家，社会经济状况改善缓慢。由于迄今为止关于柬埔寨艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者口腔健康状况的研究非常少，本调查的目的是研究柬埔寨艾滋病毒感染者的口腔表现。
在柬埔寨金边的一个医疗中心，对101名柬埔寨艾滋病毒感染或艾滋病患者进行了口腔表现检查。
共检查了63名男性和38名女性，中位年龄为32岁（年龄范围7.5至63.5岁）。这些患者中，42.6%为吸烟者，46.5%的男性酗酒，90.5%的男性有滥交行为，而女性的这一比例为5.3%。最常见的艾滋病定义疾病是消瘦综合征（54.5%）、卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎（PcP）（19.8%）和结核病（18.8%）。17.8%的患者出现了艾滋病毒感染患者常见的皮肤表现——瘙痒性丘疹。口腔念珠菌相关感染最为常见。在患者中，52.5%表现为假膜性念珠菌病，35.6%有双侧毛状白斑。只有10%的患者没有口腔病变。坏死性溃疡性龈牙周疾病也很常见（27.7%）。
101名柬埔寨艾滋病毒感染和艾滋病患者的总体健康状况较差，且有大量口腔表现。目前无法获得抗逆转录病毒治疗，只有一小部分患者接受抗真菌治疗（25.7%）。柬埔寨的艾滋病毒感染和艾滋病疫情已成为一个严重问题，患者迫切需要进行充分诊断和接受抗逆转录病毒治疗。
