Downes John Joseph, Mayes Andrew R, MacDonald Chris, Hunkin N M
Department of Psychology, University of Liverpool, Eleanor Rathbone Building, Bedford Street South, Liverpool L69 72A, UK.
Neuropsychologia. 2002;40(7):853-61. doi: 10.1016/s0028-3932(01)00172-5.
Two groups of patients with global amnesia resulting either from Korsakoff's syndrome (KS) or from medial temporal lobe (MTL) damage were compared with groups of matched healthy control subjects on a list discrimination paradigm. Item recognition memory was matched across the amnesic and control groups in order to determine whether KS, but not MTL amnesics are disproportionately impaired on list discrimination as predicted by Parkin's [Functional significance of etiological factors in human amnesia. In: Squire LR, Butters N, editors. Neuropsychology of memory, 2nd ed. New York: The Guilford Press, 1992] hypothesis. However, both patient groups were impaired disproportionately on the temporal order memory task, which is inconsistent with Parkin's hypothesis. It remains possible that the KS patients are more disproportionately impaired than those with MTL damage because both patient groups performed at floor on the list discrimination task. The results are consistent with theories that postulate a critical role for the hippocampus in the kind of associative memory which underlies memory for temporal order, but not in recognition of single items or arbitrary associations between items of similar kinds.
将患有柯萨科夫综合征（KS）或内侧颞叶（MTL）损伤所致全面性遗忘症的两组患者，与匹配的健康对照组在列表辨别范式上进行了比较。对遗忘症组和对照组的项目识别记忆进行匹配，以确定KS患者（而非MTL遗忘症患者）是否如帕金[人类遗忘症病因因素的功能意义。载于：斯夸尔LR、巴特斯N编。《记忆神经心理学》，第2版。纽约：吉尔福德出版社，1992年]所预测的那样，在列表辨别方面受到不成比例的损害。然而，两组患者在时间顺序记忆任务上均受到不成比例的损害，这与帕金的假设不一致。由于两组患者在列表辨别任务上的表现都处于最低水平，KS患者可能比MTL损伤患者受到更不成比例的损害。这些结果与一些理论一致，这些理论假定海马体在构成时间顺序记忆基础的联想记忆类型中起关键作用，但在单个项目的识别或同类项目之间的任意联想中不起关键作用。
