Dijkstra Th, Barkema H W, Eysker M, Hesselink J W, Wouda W
Animal Health Service, P.O. Box 9, 7400 AJ Deventer, The Netherlands.
Vet Parasitol. 2002 Apr 30;105(2):99-104. doi: 10.1016/s0304-4017(02)00010-9.
Twelve dairy herds with evidence of post-natal infection with Neospora caninum were compared with 21 control herds with no evidence of post-natal infection. On the former farms, dogs consumed placenta or licked uterine discharge in 75 and 67% of the farms, respectively, while on control farms these activities occurred in 38 and 24% of the farms, respectively. On all control farms and all but three post-natally infected farms the dogs were fed colostrum or milk. Defecation of dogs on the feeding alley was observed in 92% of the post-natally infected farms and in 24% of the control farms. The same trend was observed for defecation of dogs in grass silage, in 75% of the post-natally infected farms and in 19% of the control farms; and in corn silage, in 50% of the post-natally infected farms and in 10% of the control farms. Consumption of placenta, material of aborted foetuses or uterine discharge in combination with defecation on the feeding alley, storage of grass or corn silage was observed in 19% of the control farms and in 75% of the post-natally infected farms. This study supports the hypothesis that farm dogs may become infected by foetal fluids or placental material of infected cattle, and may subsequently cause a post-natal infection of cattle in the herd by shedding oocysts.
将12个有犬新孢子虫产后感染证据的奶牛场与21个无产后感染证据的对照奶牛场进行了比较。在前者的农场中，分别有75%和67%的农场中狗食用胎盘或舔舐子宫分泌物，而在对照农场中，这些行为分别发生在38%和24%的农场中。在所有对照农场以及除三个以外的所有产后感染农场中，狗都被喂食初乳或牛奶。在92%的产后感染农场和24%的对照农场中观察到狗在喂食通道排便。在青贮草地中狗排便的情况也呈现相同趋势，在75%的产后感染农场和19%的对照农场中观察到这种情况；在玉米青贮中，在50%的产后感染农场和10%的对照农场中观察到这种情况。在19%的对照农场和75%的产后感染农场中观察到狗食用胎盘、流产胎儿的物质或子宫分泌物并伴有在喂食通道排便、储存青草或玉米青贮的情况。本研究支持这样的假设，即农场狗可能通过感染牛的胎儿体液或胎盘物质而被感染，随后可能通过排出卵囊导致牛群中的牛产后感染。
