Maine G T, Lazzarotto T, Landini M P
Dept. of Congenital Infectious Disease Diagnostics, Abbott Laboratories, 200 Abbott Park Road, Bldg. AP31 D-9JW, Abbott Park, IL 60064, USA.
Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2001 May;1(1):19-29. doi: 10.1586/14737159.1.1.19.
Recent advances in the screening of pregnant women with Cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgM, CMV IgG and CMV IgG avidity serologic tests, has led to a more accurate diagnosis of CMV infection. When serologic screening is performed early in gestation, it is possible to identify those women at risk of intrauterine transmission of the virus, i.e., those women with a primary CMV infection, who should be enrolled in prenatal diagnosis. The use of quantitative PCR on amniotic fluid from pregnant women at 21-22 weeks of gestation in prenatal diagnosis is an effective diagnostic tool to distinguish between CMV infection and CMV disease in the fetus and newborn. Quantitative PCR on peripheral blood leukocytes from CMV infected newborns can be used to monitor viral load, especially during treatment with ganciclovir. These advances in serology and quantitative virology should lead to more accurate diagnosis of maternal and congenital CMV infection.
近期，针对孕妇进行巨细胞病毒（CMV）IgM、CMV IgG及CMV IgG亲和力血清学检测的进展，已实现对CMV感染更准确的诊断。在妊娠早期进行血清学筛查时，能够识别出那些有病毒宫内传播风险的女性，即原发性CMV感染的女性，这些女性应纳入产前诊断。在产前诊断中，对妊娠21 - 22周孕妇的羊水进行定量PCR检测，是区分胎儿和新生儿CMV感染与CMV疾病的有效诊断工具。对CMV感染新生儿的外周血白细胞进行定量PCR检测，可用于监测病毒载量，尤其是在使用更昔洛韦治疗期间。血清学和定量病毒学的这些进展应能实现对母婴先天性CMV感染更准确的诊断。
