Michalik Liliane, Desvergne Béatrice, Dreyer Christine, Gavillet Mathilde, Laurini Ricardo N, Wahli Walter
Institut de Biologie Animale, Université de Lausanne, Switzerland.
Int J Dev Biol. 2002 Jan;46(1):105-14.
The peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand activated receptors which belong to the nuclear hormone receptor family. As with other members of this superfamily, it is thought that the ability of PPAR to bind to a ligand was acquired during metazoan evolution. Three different PPAR isotypes (PPARalpha, PPARbeta, also called 6, and PPARgamma) have been identified in various species. Upon binding to an activator, these receptors stimulate the expression of target genes implicated in important metabolic pathways. The present article is a review of PPAR expression and involvement in some aspects of Xenopus laevis and rodent embryonic development. PPARalpha and beta are ubiquitously expressed in Xenopus early embryos but become more tissue restricted later in development. In rodents, PPARalpha, PPARbeta and PPARgamma show specific time- and tissue-dependent patterns of expression during fetal development and in the adult animals. PPARs are implicated in several aspects of tissue differentiation and rodent development, such as differentiation of the adipose tissue, brain, placenta and skin. Particular attention is given to studies undertaken by us and others on the implication of PPARalpha and beta in rodent epidermal differentiation.
过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体（PPARs）是属于核激素受体家族的配体激活受体。与该超家族的其他成员一样，人们认为PPAR与配体结合的能力是在后生动物进化过程中获得的。在各种物种中已鉴定出三种不同的PPAR同种型（PPARα、PPARβ，也称为δ，以及PPARγ）。这些受体与激活剂结合后，会刺激参与重要代谢途径的靶基因的表达。本文综述了PPAR在非洲爪蟾和啮齿动物胚胎发育某些方面的表达及作用。PPARα和β在非洲爪蟾早期胚胎中广泛表达，但在发育后期会变得更具组织特异性。在啮齿动物中，PPARα、PPARβ和PPARγ在胎儿发育期间和成年动物中表现出特定的时间和组织依赖性表达模式。PPARs参与组织分化和啮齿动物发育的多个方面，如脂肪组织、大脑、胎盘和皮肤的分化。我们和其他人关于PPARα和β在啮齿动物表皮分化中的作用的研究受到了特别关注。
