Tamura Tomohide
Division of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Nihon Geka Gakkai Zasshi. 2002 Feb;103(2):233-6.
Based on recent progress in cancer biology, numerous molecules that contribute to proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells have been identified. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a member of cell membrane receptors, is overexpressed by many tumors, and EGFR overexpression correlates with poor prognosis and disease progression. The EGFR is an attractive target for novel anticancer therapy. ZD1839 and OSI-774, highly specific EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, have shown promising antitumor activity against cisplatin-resistant non-small cell lung cancer in phase I and phase II trials. IMC-C225, a monoclonal antibody against EGFR, has achieved significant disease control in head and neck cancer and colorectal cancer in combination with anticancer agents. These agents are under evaluation in phase III trials. In conclusion, it is expected that EGFR-directed therapies will soon be established as an effective novel treatment for many cancer patients.
基于癌症生物学的最新进展，已经鉴定出许多有助于癌细胞增殖、侵袭和转移的分子。表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）作为细胞膜受体的一员，在许多肿瘤中过度表达，并且EGFR过度表达与不良预后和疾病进展相关。EGFR是新型抗癌治疗的一个有吸引力的靶点。ZD1839和OSI-774是高度特异性的EGFR酪氨酸激酶抑制剂，在I期和II期试验中已显示出对顺铂耐药的非小细胞肺癌有前景的抗肿瘤活性。IMC-C225是一种抗EGFR单克隆抗体，与抗癌药物联合使用时，在头颈癌和结直肠癌中已实现显著的疾病控制。这些药物正在进行III期试验评估。总之，预计EGFR导向疗法很快将成为许多癌症患者有效的新型治疗方法。
