Cohen Roger B
Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.
Clin Colorectal Cancer. 2003 Feb;2(4):246-51. doi: 10.3816/CCC.2003.n.006.
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is widely expressed in advanced colorectal cancers (CRCs), and higher levels of EGFR are inversely related to survival in these patients. Two general strategies have been used to block EGFR signaling: preventing ligand binding with anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies (eg, cetuximab and ABX-EGF) and inhibiting its intrinsic tyrosine kinase with small molecules (eg, gefitinib [Iressa] and erlotinib [OSI-774,Tarceva]). Phase II trials of cetuximab suggest that it might be an effective treatment option alone or in combination with standard therapies as first- or second-line therapy. Phase I studies evaluating other EGFR inhibitors in patients with CRC have been reported. The inclusion of anti-EGFR therapies into standard treatment is the subject of current clinical trials.
表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）在晚期结直肠癌（CRC）中广泛表达，在这些患者中，较高水平的EGFR与生存率呈负相关。已采用两种通用策略来阻断EGFR信号传导：用抗EGFR单克隆抗体（如西妥昔单抗和ABX-EGF）阻止配体结合，以及用小分子（如吉非替尼[易瑞沙]和厄洛替尼[OSI-774，特罗凯]）抑制其内在酪氨酸激酶。西妥昔单抗的II期试验表明，它单独使用或与标准疗法联合作为一线或二线治疗可能是一种有效的治疗选择。已有关于评估CRC患者中其他EGFR抑制剂的I期研究报告。将抗EGFR疗法纳入标准治疗是当前临床试验的主题。
