Borostyánkoi-Baldauf Z, Herczeg L
Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy, Semmelweis University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary.
Neuroscience. 2002;110(3):527-40. doi: 10.1016/s0306-4522(01)00462-6.
The pretectum is composed of numerous small nuclei that control various oculomotor functions. In all the non-human mammals investigated, the different pretectal nuclei have been named uniformly according to their structural and functional homology. However, the human pretectal nuclei still bear their traditional, in most cases misleading, nomenclature.In order to reveal the presumed chemoarchitectonic similarities between human and non-human pretectal nuclei, neuropeptide Y (NPY)- and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-immunohistochemistry was performed in the human pretectum, after being utilised successfully for the identification of different pretectal nuclei in the cat. No VIP neurones were observed in the human pretectal area, but numerous NPY cells were found in the 'nucleus lentiformis', and in the anterior bulge of the pretectum, while the 'nucleus sublentiformis' contained an abundant NPY fibre network. Some NPY neurones were present in the 'principal pretectal nucleus' as well. The olivary pretectal nucleus possessed NPY fibres, too. In the accessory optic system, the lateral terminal nucleus contained both NPY and VIP neurones, while in the dorsal terminal nucleus only NPY neurones were found. Our chemoanatomical findings were compared to the standard cytoarchitecture as well. Based on the homotopies in the spatial distribution pattern of NPY neurones in the cat and human pretectum, the current, widely accepted non-human anatomical nomenclature was applied to the morphologically homologous nuclei of the human pretectum. Accordingly, the 'nucleus lentiformis' (which contains numerous NPY cells) corresponds to the nucleus of the optic tract, the 'nucleus sublentiformis' (containing a dense network of NPY fibres) to the posterior pretectal nucleus, and the 'nucleus of the pretectal area' corresponds to the medial pretectal nucleus. We identified the anterior part of the pretectum as the human equivalent of the anterior pretectal nucleus in non-humans, including its two compact and reticular subdivisions. In addition, two accessory optic nuclei were verified chemoarchitectonically in the human brain.
顶盖前区由众多控制各种动眼功能的小核组成。在所有已研究的非人类哺乳动物中，不同的顶盖前核已根据其结构和功能同源性进行了统一命名。然而，人类顶盖前核仍沿用其传统命名，在大多数情况下这种命名具有误导性。为了揭示人类和非人类顶盖前核之间假定的化学结构相似性，在成功用于识别猫的不同顶盖前核后，对人类顶盖前区进行了神经肽Y（NPY）和血管活性肠多肽（VIP）免疫组织化学研究。在人类顶盖前区未观察到VIP神经元，但在“豆状核”以及顶盖前区的前凸处发现了大量NPY细胞，而“豆状下核”含有丰富的NPY纤维网络。在“顶盖前主核”中也存在一些NPY神经元。橄榄顶盖前核也有NPY纤维。在附属视觉系统中，外侧终核同时含有NPY和VIP神经元，而在背侧终核中仅发现了NPY神经元。我们还将化学解剖学结果与标准细胞结构进行了比较。基于猫和人类顶盖前区NPY神经元空间分布模式的同源性，当前被广泛接受的非人类解剖学命名被应用于人类顶盖前区形态学上同源的核。因此，“豆状核”（含有大量NPY细胞）对应于视束核，“豆状下核”（含有密集的NPY纤维网络）对应于顶盖前区后核，“顶盖前区核”对应于顶盖前内侧核。我们将顶盖前区的前部确定为非人类顶盖前核的人类对应物，包括其两个致密和网状亚区。此外，在人类大脑中通过化学结构验证了两个附属视觉核。
