Wells J M, Payne J A
Appl Microbiol. 1975 Oct;30(4):536-40. doi: 10.1128/am.30.4.536-540.1975.
Aspergillus and Penicillium were among the most common genera of fungi isolated on malt-salt agar from weevil-damaged Chinese chestnut kernels (16.8 and 40.7% occurrence, respectively). Chloroform extracts of 21 of 50 Aspergillus isolates and 18 of 50 representative Penicillium isolates, grown for 4 weeks at 21.1 C on artificial medium, were toxic to day-old cockerels. Tweleve of the toxic Aspergillus isolates were identified as A. wentii, eight as A. flavus, and one as A. flavus var. columnaris. Nine of the toxic Penicillium isolates were identified as P. terrestre, three as P. steckii, two each as P. citrinum and P. funiculosum, and one each as P. herquei (Series) and P. roqueforti (Series). Acute diarrhea was associated with the toxicity of A. wentii and muscular tremors with the toxicity of P. terrestre, one isolate of P. steckii, and one of P. funiculosum.
曲霉属和青霉属是从象鼻虫侵害的中国板栗果仁的麦芽盐琼脂培养基上分离出的最常见真菌属（出现率分别为16.8%和40.7%）。50株曲霉分离株中的21株以及50株代表性青霉分离株中的18株，在21.1℃人工培养基上培养4周后得到的氯仿提取物，对1日龄小公鸡有毒。12株有毒的曲霉分离株被鉴定为米曲霉，8株为黄曲霉，1株为黄曲霉柱状变种。9株有毒的青霉分离株被鉴定为土生青霉，3株为斯氏青霉，2株为桔青霉和绳状青霉，各有1株为赫氏青霉（系列）和娄地青霉（系列）。急性腹泻与米曲霉的毒性有关，肌肉震颤与土生青霉、1株斯氏青霉和1株绳状青霉的毒性有关。
