Mojtahedi H, Rabie C J, Lübben A, Steyn M, Danesh D
Mycopathologia. 1979 May 31;67(2):123-7. doi: 10.1007/BF00440685.
Pistachio nut samples taken during various stages of development from orchards in Iran, showed that contamination with fungi occurred mainly during the later stages of nut development. Members of the genera Aspergillus and Penicillium occurred most frequently. Of the Aspergilli, the species A. niger, A. flavus and A. fischeri var. spinosus occurred most frequently, followed by A. terreus, A. tamarii and A. nidulans. Twenty-two isolates comprising 13 species were tested for toxicity to ducklings. Isolates of known toxic fungi included A. flavus, A. niger, A. parasiticus, A. ochraceus, A. versicolor, A. nidulans and A. terreus. The toxicity of A. fischeri var. spinosus is reported. Chemical analysis showed that all isolates of A. flavus and A. parasiticus produced aflatoxin B1, the isolates of A. versicolor and A. nidulans produced sterigmatocystin while the toxic isolate of A. ochraceus did not produce ochratoxins.
从伊朗果园在开心果发育的不同阶段采集的样本显示，真菌污染主要发生在坚果发育的后期。曲霉属和青霉属的成员出现得最为频繁。在曲霉菌中，黑曲霉、黄曲霉和费舍尔曲霉棘孢变种出现得最为频繁，其次是土曲霉、塔马利曲霉和构巢曲霉。对包含13个物种的22个分离株进行了对雏鸭的毒性测试。已知有毒真菌的分离株包括黄曲霉、黑曲霉、寄生曲霉、赭曲霉、杂色曲霉、构巢曲霉和土曲霉。报告了费舍尔曲霉棘孢变种的毒性。化学分析表明，所有黄曲霉和寄生曲霉的分离株都产生黄曲霉毒素B1，杂色曲霉和构巢曲霉的分离株产生柄曲霉素，而赭曲霉的有毒分离株不产生赭曲霉毒素。
