Cuesta José A, Sear Richard P
Grupo Interdisciplinar de Sistemas Complicados (GISC), Departamento de Matemáticas, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Avenida de la Universidad 30, 28911 Leganés, Madrid, Spain.
Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2002 Mar;65(3 Pt 1):031406. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.65.031406. Epub 2002 Feb 27.
Ideal bosons and a classical system of monomers that aggregate forming noninteracting ring polymers are known to have the same partition function. So, the ring polymers have a phase transition, the analogue of Bose-Einstein condensation of bosons. At this phase transition macroscopic polymers are formed. The link between these systems is made via Feynman's path integrals: these integrals are the same for the trajectories of the bosons in imaginary time and for the configurations of the polymers. We show that a transition of this general form occurs within a whole class of aggregating systems. Examples are the lamellae formation in suspensions of disclike micelles or the emulsification failure observed in water-oil-surfactant emulsions. As with bosons, the transition occurs even when aggregates do not interact. The lambda-transition in 4He is believed to be Bose-Einstein condensation modified by interatomic interactions. We suggest that interaggregate interactions too only modify the transition we have found.
已知理想玻色子与由单体聚集形成非相互作用环形聚合物的经典系统具有相同的配分函数。因此，环形聚合物存在相变，即玻色子玻色 - 爱因斯坦凝聚的类似物。在这个相变过程中会形成宏观聚合物。这些系统之间的联系是通过费曼路径积分建立的：对于虚时中玻色子的轨迹和聚合物的构型，这些积分是相同的。我们表明，这种一般形式的转变发生在一整类聚集系统中。例如，盘状胶束悬浮液中的片层形成或水 - 油 - 表面活性剂乳液中观察到的乳化失败。与玻色子一样，即使聚集体不相互作用，转变也会发生。4He中的λ转变被认为是由原子间相互作用修正的玻色 - 爱因斯坦凝聚。我们认为聚集体间的相互作用也只是对我们发现的转变进行修正。
