Leiter E H
The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine 04609-1500, USA.
Diabetologia. 2002 Mar;45(3):296-308. doi: 10.1007/s00125-001-0743-z.
The mouse has been a favoured organism for molecular manipulation in studies seeking to establish the genetic bases and pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying both Type I (insulin-dependent) and Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Gene targeting and transgenesis are the two powerful molecular technologies used in these endeavours. Interpretation of results generated from such studies, either entailing an altered phenotype or the absence of a phenotypic change, is not always simple. This review focuses on certain complications inherent in the methodologies, and outlines steps that can be taken to distinguish effects of the genetic manipulation from unexpected contributions from the genetic background.
在试图确立I型（胰岛素依赖型）和II型（非胰岛素依赖型）糖尿病潜在的遗传基础和病理生理机制的研究中，小鼠一直是用于分子操作的首选生物体。基因靶向和转基因是这些研究中使用的两种强大的分子技术。对这类研究产生的结果进行解释并不总是那么简单，这些结果要么表现为表型改变，要么表现为无表型变化。本综述重点关注这些方法中固有的某些并发症，并概述了可以采取的步骤，以区分基因操作的效果与遗传背景产生的意外影响。
