Portavella M, Vargas J P, Torres B, Salas C
Laboratorio de Psicobiología, Departamento de Psicología Experimental, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.
Brain Res Bull. 2002;57(3-4):397-9. doi: 10.1016/s0361-9230(01)00699-2.
In mammals, the pallial amygdala is implicated in emotional learning and memory, whereas the hippocampus is involved in spatial, contextual, or relational memory. This review presents a set of experiments aimed to study the involvement of the dorsomedial and dorsolateral telencephalon of goldfish in spatial and active avoidance learning. Results showed that (1) medial lesions impaired both acquisition and retention of conditioned avoidance response in two-way active avoidance learning experiments with stimuli overlapping (emotional factor) and with an interstimuli gap (temporal and emotional factors), and (2) the medial lesion did not affect spatial learning (spatial, contextual, or relational factors). In contrast, lateral lesions did not impair conditioned avoidance response with stimuli overlapping, but affected conditioned avoidance response with an interstimuli gap and spatial learning. These results support the presence of two differentiated memory systems in teleost fish based on discrete pallial regions: emotional (dorsomedial telencephalon) and spatial/temporal or relational (dorsolateral telencephalon). Furthermore, these functional data support the homology between the medial pallium of the teleost and the pallial amygdala of land vertebrates, and between the teleost lateral pallium and the mammalian hippocampus.
在哺乳动物中，杏仁体皮质参与情感学习和记忆，而海马体则涉及空间、情境或关联性记忆。本综述介绍了一系列实验，旨在研究金鱼端脑背内侧和背外侧区域在空间学习和主动回避学习中的作用。结果表明：（1）在双向主动回避学习实验中，内侧损伤会损害条件回避反应的习得和保持，实验刺激存在重叠（情感因素）以及存在刺激间隔（时间和情感因素）；（2）内侧损伤不影响空间学习（空间、情境或关联性因素）。相反，外侧损伤不会损害刺激重叠时的条件回避反应，但会影响存在刺激间隔时的条件回避反应以及空间学习。这些结果支持硬骨鱼中基于离散皮质区域存在两种不同的记忆系统：情感性（端脑背内侧）和空间/时间或关联性（端脑背外侧）。此外，这些功能数据支持硬骨鱼内侧皮质与陆地脊椎动物杏仁体皮质之间，以及硬骨鱼外侧皮质与哺乳动物海马体之间的同源性。
