Rex Tonia S, Fariss Robert N, Lewis Geoffrey P, Linberg Kenneth A, Sokal Iza, Fisher Steven K
Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara 93106-5060, USA.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2002 Apr;43(4):1234-47.
To describe changes in the localization patterns and levels of rod and cone photoreceptor proteins after experimental retinal detachment (RD).
Cat retinas were detached for 1, 3, 7, or 28 days, at which time the eyecups were placed in fixative for immunocytochemical analysis or homogenized for biochemistry. Immunocytochemistry was performed using 19 probes for molecules known to be associated with photoreceptors. Protein concentrations were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or Western blot analysis. Cone cell death was analyzed by double labeling with TdT-dUTP terminal nick-end labeling and cone-specific antibodies.
Although some cones died, many survived long-term RD. Although their profiles may have changed, rod photoreceptors continued to express most of the molecules studied as long as they were alive. In contrast, the cones failed to label with almost all probes specific to them after 3 to 7 days of detachment. The exception was phosducin, which localized to both rods and cones and, in 28-day detachments, increased to 180% of the amount in normal retina.
Rods and cones respond differently to RD. This difference may account for a faster return of rod vision and for the lingering changes in color vision and acuity that are often reported after successful reattachment surgeries.
描述实验性视网膜脱离（RD）后视杆和视锥光感受器蛋白的定位模式及水平变化。
将猫的视网膜脱离1、3、7或28天，此时将眼杯置于固定剂中进行免疫细胞化学分析，或匀浆进行生化分析。使用针对已知与光感受器相关分子的19种探针进行免疫细胞化学分析。采用酶联免疫吸附测定或蛋白质印迹分析测定蛋白质浓度。通过TdT-dUTP末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的缺口末端标记和视锥特异性抗体双重标记分析视锥细胞死亡情况。
虽然一些视锥细胞死亡，但许多视锥细胞在长期视网膜脱离后存活下来。尽管视杆光感受器的形态可能发生了变化，但只要它们存活，就会继续表达大多数所研究的分子。相比之下，在脱离3至7天后，视锥细胞几乎不能被所有针对它们的特异性探针标记。例外的是转导素，它定位于视杆和视锥细胞，在脱离28天时，其含量增加至正常视网膜的180%。
视杆和视锥细胞对视网膜脱离的反应不同。这种差异可能解释了视杆视觉的更快恢复以及成功复位手术后常报告的色觉和视力的持续变化。
